{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T03:39:33Z","timestamp":1790307573099,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,23]],"date-time":"2011-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1316736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Thin and transparent films of doped cadmium sulfide (CdS) were obtained on commercial glass substrates by Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) technique. The films were doped with low concentration of Sn, and annealed in air at 300 \u00b0C for 45 min. The morphological characterization of the films with different amounts of dopant was made using SEM and EDAX analysis. Optical properties of the films were evaluated by measuring transmittance using the UV-vis spectrophotometer. A comparison of the results revealed that lower concentration of Sn doping improves transmittance of CdS films and makes them suitable for application as window layer of CdTe\/CIGS solar cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms12096320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,23]],"date-time":"2011-09-23T08:57:22Z","timestamp":1316768242000},"page":"6320-6328","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Effect of Low Concentration Sn Doping on Optical Properties of CdS Films Grown by CBD Technique"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Atefeh","family":"Jafari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azmi","family":"Zakaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia"},{"name":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahid","family":"Rizwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Textile University, Sheikhupura Road, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohd Sabri Mohd","family":"Ghazali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Schropp, REI, and Zeman, M (1998). 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