{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T23:40:11Z","timestamp":1779925211459,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]],"date-time":"2011-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1324512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The present study explores nucleotide variability, phylogeny and association with cervical neoplasia in high risk HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33 and 45 collected from Greek women. Of the 1894 women undergoing routine cervical cytology examination, 160 samples test positive for single infections of HPV type 16 (n = 104), HPV 31 (n = 40), HPV 33 (n = 7), HPV 18 (n = 5), and HPV 45 (n = 4) were typed by microarrays method, amplified by PCR then sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed. For HPV 16, 9 variants with nucleotide variations were included into the study. For HPV 31, 33, 18 and 45, nucleotide variations were identified in 6, 4, 2 and 3 variants, respectively. The Bayesian inference and Maximum Parsimony methods were used in order to construct the phylogenetic trees. When types were analyzed independently HPV 16 (European and non-European) and HPV 18 (African and non-African) formed distinct clades. The genomic characterization of HPV variants will be important for illuminating the geographical relatedness and biological differences and for the determination of their risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms13010001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]],"date-time":"2011-12-22T12:22:42Z","timestamp":1324556562000},"page":"1-17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Genetic Variability and Phylogeny of High Risk HPV Type 16, 18, 31, 33 and 45 L1 Gene in Greek Women"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Chara Kleio","family":"Ntova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cytopathology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0979-3871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine","family":"Kottaridi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cytopathology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aikaterini","family":"Chranioti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cytopathology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aris","family":"Spathis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cytopathology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Kassanos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evangelos","family":"Paraskevaidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petros","family":"Karakitsos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cytopathology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25396","article-title":"Human papillomavirus type distribution in 30,848 invasive cervical cancers worldwide: Variation by geographical region, histological type and year of publication","volume":"128","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. 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