{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:58:30Z","timestamp":1777615110091,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,9]],"date-time":"2013-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1357689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Influence of gravity forces on the regulation of protein expression by healthy and malignant thyroid cells was studied with the aim to identify protein interactions. Western blot analyses of a limited number of proteins suggested a time-dependent regulation of protein expression by simulated microgravity. After applying free flow isoelectric focusing and mass spectrometry to search for differently expressed proteins by thyroid cells exposed to simulated microgravity for three days, a considerable number of candidates for gravi-sensitive proteins were detected. In order to show how proteins sensitive to microgravity could directly influence other proteins, we investigated all polypeptide chains identified with Mascot scores above 100, looking for groups of interacting proteins. Hence, UniProtKB entry numbers of all detected proteins were entered into the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes\/Proteins (STRING) and processed. The program indicated that we had detected various groups of interacting proteins in each of the three cell lines studied. The major groups of interacting proteins play a role in pathways of carbohydrate and protein metabolism, regulation of cell growth and cell membrane structuring. Analyzing these groups, networks of interaction could be established which show how a punctual influence of simulated microgravity may propagate via various members of interaction chains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms14011164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,9]],"date-time":"2013-01-09T12:43:46Z","timestamp":1357735426000},"page":"1164-1178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Interaction of Proteins Identified in Human Thyroid Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jessica","family":"Pietsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Clinic, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Riwaldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Clinic, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johann","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Sickmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz-Institute for Analytical Sciences (ISAS), Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Str. 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FFE Service GmbH, Frankfurter Ring 193a, 80807 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jirka","family":"Grosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manfred","family":"Infanger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Clinic, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Eilles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Grimm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Clinic, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers All\u00e9 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Available online: http:\/\/www.cancer.org\/Research\/CancerFactsFigures\/CancerFactsFigures\/cancer-facts-figures-2012."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Edge, S.B., Byrd, D.R., Compton, C.C., Fritz, A.G., Greene, F.L., and Trotti, A. 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