{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T22:42:09Z","timestamp":1791499329057,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,29]],"date-time":"2013-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1367193600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Plasma membrane NADPH oxidases (Noxs) are key producers of reactive oxygen species under both normal and stress conditions in plants. We demonstrate that at least eleven genes in the genome of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were predicted to encode Nox proteins, including nine genes (OsNox1\u20139) that encode typical Noxs and two that encode ancient Nox forms (ferric reduction oxidase 1 and 7, OsFRO1 and OsFRO7). Phylogenetic analysis divided the Noxs from nine plant species into six subfamilies, with rice Nox genes distributed among subfamilies I to V. Gene expression analysis using semi-quantitative RT-PCR and real-time qRT-PCR indicated that the expression of rice Nox genes depends on organs and environmental conditions. Exogenous calcium strongly stimulated the expression of OsNox3, OsNox5, OsNox7, and OsNox8, but depressed the expression of OsFRO1. Drought stress substantially upregulated the expression of OsNox1\u20133, OsNox5, OsNox9, and OsFRO1, but downregulated OsNox6. High temperature upregulated OsNox5\u20139, but significantly downregulated OsNox1\u20133 and OsFRO1. NaCl treatment increased the expression of OsNox2, OsNox8, OsFRO1, and OsFRO7, but decreased that of OsNox1, OsNox3, OsNox5, and OsNox6. These results suggest that the expression profiles of rice Nox genes have unique stress-response characteristics, reflecting their related but distinct functions in response to different environmental stresses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms14059440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,29]],"date-time":"2013-04-29T11:20:49Z","timestamp":1367234449000},"page":"9440-9458","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":123,"title":["Characterization of Rice NADPH Oxidase Genes and  Their Expression under Various Environmental Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Gang-Feng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences,  Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Qiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences,  Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences,  Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo-Li","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong-Yi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun-Ming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences,  Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01485","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species produced by NADPH oxidase regulate plant cell growth","volume":"422","author":"Foreman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.106.078089","article-title":"Production of reactive oxygen species by plant NADPH oxidases","volume":"141","author":"Sagi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plant Physiol"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2007.01.012","article-title":"NOX family NADPH oxidases: Not just in mammals","volume":"89","author":"Bedard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2006.05.004","article-title":"NADPH oxidases: New kids on the block","volume":"71","author":"Geiszt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. 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