{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T10:44:53Z","timestamp":1791110693541,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":161,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,14]],"date-time":"2013-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1381708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abnormalities in melatonin physiology may be involved or closely linked to the pathophysiology and behavioral expression of autistic disorder, given its role in neurodevelopment and reports of sleep-wake rhythm disturbances, decreased nocturnal melatonin production, and beneficial therapeutic effects of melatonin in individuals with autism. In addition, melatonin, as a pineal gland hormone produced from serotonin, is of special interest in autistic disorder given reported alterations in central and peripheral serotonin neurobiology. More specifically, the role of melatonin in the ontogenetic establishment of circadian rhythms and the synchronization of peripheral oscillators opens interesting perspectives to ascertain better the mechanisms underlying the significant relationship found between lower nocturnal melatonin excretion and increased severity of autistic social communication impairments, especially for verbal communication and social imitative play. In this article, first we review the studies on melatonin levels and the treatment studies of melatonin in autistic disorder. Then, we discuss the relationships between melatonin and autistic behavioral impairments with regard to social communication (verbal and non-verbal communication, social interaction), and repetitive behaviors  or interests with difficulties adapting to change. In conclusion, we emphasize that  randomized clinical trials in autism spectrum disorders are warranted to establish potential therapeutic efficacy of melatonin for social communication impairments and stereotyped behaviors or interests.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms141020508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,14]],"date-time":"2013-10-14T11:11:20Z","timestamp":1381749080000},"page":"20508-20542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":125,"title":["Advances in the Research of Melatonin in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Literature Review and New Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Sylvie","family":"Tordjman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital-University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Guillaume R\u00e9gnier Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35000, France"},{"name":"Laboratory of Psychology of Perception, CNRS UMR 8158, Paris 75270, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imen","family":"Najjar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital-University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Guillaume R\u00e9gnier Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35000, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Bellissant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm CIC 0203 Clinical Investigation Centre, University Hospital, Rennes 1 University,  Rennes 35033, France"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Rennes 1 University,  Rennes 35033, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Developmental Neurochemistry, Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT 06519, USA"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven,  CT 06519, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Barburoth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Psychology of Perception, CNRS UMR 8158, Paris 75270, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital-University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00e9tri\u00e8reHospital,  Paris 6 University, Paris 75013, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nemat","family":"Jaafari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIC INSERM U 802, CHU de Poitiers, Unit\u00e9 de recherche clinique intersectorielle en psychiatrie du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Poitiers 86022, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Schischmanoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM UMR U978, University of Paris 13, Bobigny 93009, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire, H\u00f4pital Avicenne, APHP, Bobigny 93009, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00e9mi","family":"Fagard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM UMR U978, University of Paris 13, Bobigny 93009, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire, H\u00f4pital Avicenne, APHP, Bobigny 93009, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enas","family":"Lagdas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital-University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Guillaume R\u00e9gnier Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35000, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solenn","family":"Kermarrec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital-University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Guillaume R\u00e9gnier Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35000, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Ribardiere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital-University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Guillaume R\u00e9gnier Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35000, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Botbol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent de Brest, UBO,  Brest 29238, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Fougerou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm CIC 0203 Clinical Investigation Centre, University Hospital, Rennes 1 University,  Rennes 35033, France"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Rennes 1 University,  Rennes 35033, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Bronsard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maison D\u00e9partementale de l\u2019Adolescent et Centre M\u00e9dico-Psycho-P\u00e9dagogique,  Conseil G\u00e9n\u00e9ral des Bouches-du-Rh\u00f4ne, Laboratoire de Sant\u00e9 Publique EA3279,  Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine de la Timone, Marseille 13256, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Vernay-Leconte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital-University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Guillaume R\u00e9gnier Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35000, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpneuro0847","article-title":"The roles of melatonin and light in the pathophysiology 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