{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T09:26:50Z","timestamp":1789205210529,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,5]],"date-time":"2013-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recently, new strains of Fasciola demonstrated drug resistance, which increased the need for new drugs or improvement of the present drugs. Nanotechnology is expected to open some new opportunities to fight and prevent diseases using an atomic scale tailoring of materials. The ability to uncover the structure and function of biosystems at the nanoscale, stimulates research leading to improvement in biology, biotechnology, medicine and healthcare. The size of nanomaterials is similar to that of most biological molecules and structures; therefore, nanomaterials can be useful for both in vivo and in vitro biomedical research and applications. Therefore, this work aimed to isolate fungal strains from Taif soil samples, which have the ability to synthesize silver nanoparticles. The fungus Trichoderma harzianum, when challenged with silver nitrate solution, accumulated silver nanoparticles (AgNBs) on the surface of its cell wall in 72 h. These nanoparticles, dislodged by ultrasonication, showed an absorption peak at 420 nm in a UV-visible spectrum, corresponding to the plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles. The transmission electron micrographs of dislodged nanoparticles in aqueous solution showed the production of reasonably monodisperse silver nanoparticles (average particle size: 4.66 nm) by the fungus. The percentage of non hatching eggs treated with the Triclabendazole drug was 69.67%, while this percentage increased to 89.67% in combination with drug and AgNPs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms141121887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,5]],"date-time":"2013-11-05T11:48:44Z","timestamp":1383652124000},"page":"21887-21898","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["The Anti-Fasciolasis Properties of Silver Nanoparticles Produced by Trichoderma harzianum and Their Improvement  of the Anti-Fasciolasis Drug Triclabendazole"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6640-7845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youssuf","family":"Gherbawy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 888,  Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Botany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismail","family":"Shalaby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 888,  Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"El-sadek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanomaterial Lab., Physics Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hesham","family":"Elhariry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 888,  Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University,  POB 68- Hadayek Shoubra, Cairo 11241, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AbdelElah","family":"Banaja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 888,  Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"561","article-title":"The potential reservoir role of donkeys and horses in zoonotic fascioliasis in Gharbia Governorate","volume":"32","author":"Haridy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Egypt. J. Egypt. Soc. 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