{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:57:12Z","timestamp":1790690232861,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,28]],"date-time":"2014-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cell therapy now constitutes an important area of regenerative medicine. The aging of the population has mandated the discovery and development of new and innovative therapeutic modalities to combat devastating disorders such as stroke. Menstrual blood and Sertoli cells represent two sources of viable transplantable cells that are gender-specific, both of which appear to have potential as donor cells for transplantation in stroke. During the subacute phase of stroke, the use of autologous cells offers effective and practical  clinical application and is suggestive of the many benefits of using the aforementioned  gender-specific cells. For example, in addition to being exceptionally immunosuppressive, testis-derived Sertoli cells secrete many growth and trophic factors and have been shown  to aid in the functional recovery of animals transplanted with fetal dopaminergic cells. Correspondingly, menstrual blood cells are easily obtainable and exhibit angiogenic characteristics, proliferative capability, and pluripotency. Of further interest is the ability of menstrual blood cells, following transplantation in stroke models, to migrate to the infarct site, secrete neurotrophic factors, regulate the inflammatory response, and be steered towards neural differentiation. From cell isolation to transplantation, we emphasize in this review paper the practicality and relevance of the experimental and clinical use of gender-specific stem cells, such as Sertoli cells and menstrual blood cells, in the treatment of stroke.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms150915225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,28]],"date-time":"2014-08-28T10:37:35Z","timestamp":1409222255000},"page":"15225-15243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Adult Stem Cell Transplantation: Is Gender a Factor  in Stemness?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Naoki","family":"Tajiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa,  FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelsey","family":"Duncan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa,  FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mia","family":"Borlongan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa,  FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mibel","family":"Pabon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa,  FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa,  FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ike","family":"De la Pena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa,  FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Hernadez-Ontiveros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa,  FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa,  FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Aguirre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa,  FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanny","family":"Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa,  FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Sanberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa,  FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Eve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa,  FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cesar","family":"Borlongan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa,  FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Kaneko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa,  FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.108.075226","article-title":"Isolation and culture of epithelial progenitors and mesenchymal stem cells from human endometrium","volume":"80","author":"Gargett","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Deaths, final data for 2007","volume":"58","author":"Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Natl. Vital Stat. Rep."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(03)00192-5","article-title":"Animal models of stroke: Do they have value for discovering neuroprotective agents?","volume":"24","author":"Odergen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. 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