{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:47:51Z","timestamp":1791312471718,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,29]],"date-time":"2014-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ionic liquids, low temperature molten salts, have various advantages manifesting themselves as durable and environmentally friendly solvents. Their application is expanding into various fields including hydrometallurgy due to their unique properties such as non-volatility, inflammability, low toxicity, good ionic conductivity, and wide electrochemical potential window. This paper reviews previous literatures and our recent results adopting ionic liquids in extraction, synthesis and processing of metals with an emphasis on the electrolysis of active\/light, rare earth, and platinum group metals. Because the research and development of ionic liquids in this area are still emerging, various,  more fundamental approaches are expected to popularize ionic liquids in the metal manufacturing industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms150915320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,29]],"date-time":"2014-08-29T10:37:19Z","timestamp":1409308639000},"page":"15320-15343","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":145,"title":["Application of Ionic Liquids in Hydrometallurgy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jesik","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Advanced Materials & Systems Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Kyungbuk 203-701, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeojin","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy & Mineral Resources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyandi","family":"Kusumah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy & Mineral Resources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinyoung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metallurgy Research Team, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources,  Daejeon 305-350, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1670-4347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyungjung","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy & Mineral Resources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Churl","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Advanced Materials & Systems Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Kyungbuk 203-701, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anastas, P.T. 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