{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T20:00:01Z","timestamp":1790020801278,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,26]],"date-time":"2014-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1411689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SC1NS064611"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SC1NS064611"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000097","name":"National Center for Research Resources","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1U54RR026138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U54RR026138"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["S21 MD000103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S21 MD000103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Erectile dysfunction is a common complication for patients undergoing surgeries for prostate, bladder, and colorectal cancers, due to damage of the nerves associated with the major pelvic ganglia (MPG). Functional re-innervation of target organs depends on the capacity of the neurons to survive and switch towards a regenerative phenotype. PDE5 inhibitors (PDE5i) have been successfully used in promoting the recovery of erectile function after cavernosal nerve damage (BCNR) by up-regulating the expression of neurotrophic factors in MPG. However, little is known about the effects of PDE5i on markers of neuronal damage and oxidative stress after BCNR. This study  aimed to investigate the changes in gene and protein expression profiles of inflammatory,  anti-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress related-pathways in MPG neurons after BCNR and subsequent treatment with sildenafil. Our results showed that BCNR in Fisher-344 rats promoted up-regulation of cytokines (interleukin- 1 (IL-1) \u03b2, IL-6, IL-10, transforming growth factor \u03b2 1 (TGF\u03b21), and oxidative stress factors (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, Myeloperoxidase (MPO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), TNF receptor superfamily member 5 (CD40) that were normalized by sildenafil treatment given in the drinking water. In summary, PDE5i can attenuate the production of damaging factors and can up-regulate the expression of beneficial factors in the MPG that may ameliorate neuropathic pain, promote neuroprotection, and favor nerve regeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms151017204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,26]],"date-time":"2014-09-26T11:27:58Z","timestamp":1411730878000},"page":"17204-17220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Sildenafil Attenuates Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Pelvic Ganglia Neurons after Bilateral Cavernosal Nerve Damage"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Leah","family":"Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles,  CA 90059, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su","family":"Hlaing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles,  CA 90059, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Life Science, College of Science and Health,  Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Life Science, College of Science and Health,  Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3514-2338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Istvan","family":"Kovanecz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-University of California Los Angeles, Torrance, CA 90502, USA"},{"name":"Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Artaza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles,  CA 90059, USA"},{"name":"Department of Health and Life Science, College of Science and Health,  Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Ferrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles,  CA 90059, USA"},{"name":"Department of Health and Life Science, College of Science and Health,  Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2538","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2009.01351.x","article-title":"Erectile function recovery rate after radica lprostatectomy: A meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Tal","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Sex. Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)53012-8","article-title":"Impotence following radical prostatectomy: Insight into etiology and prevention","volume":"128","author":"Walsh","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. 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