{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T11:07:34Z","timestamp":1774868854670,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,28]],"date-time":"2014-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) can cause severe mental retardation in children who are prenatally exposed to ethanol. The effects of prenatal and early postnatal ethanol exposure on adult hippocampal neurogenesis have been investigated; however,  the effects of prenatal ethanol exposure on the subventricular zone (SVZ) have not. Gypenosides (GPs) have been reported to have neuroprotective effects in addition to  other bioactivities. The effects of GPs on neural stem cells (NSCs) in the FASD model  are unknown. Here, we test the effect of prenatal ethanol exposure on the neonatal SVZ, and the protection potential of GPs on NSCs in FASD rats. Our results show that prenatal ethanol exposure can suppress the cell proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in the neonatal SVZ and that GPs (400 mg\/kg\/day) can significantly increase the cell proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells inhibited by ethanol. Our data indicate that GPs have neuroprotective effects on the NSCs and can enhance the neurogenesis inhibited by ethanol within the SVZ of neonatal rats. These findings provide new evidence for a potential therapy involving GPs for the treatment of FASD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms151221967","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,28]],"date-time":"2014-11-28T14:11:21Z","timestamp":1417183881000},"page":"21967-21979","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Gypenosides Protected the Neural Stem Cells in the Subventricular Zone of Neonatal Rats that Were Prenatally Exposed to Ethanol"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Lun","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University,  Jinan 250012, China"},{"name":"Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kun-Qi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University,  Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Yan","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University,  Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhen-Hua","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University,  Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qing-Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University,  Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fang-Miao","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University,  Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin-Lin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University,  Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Xin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University,  Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University,  Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(73)91291-9","article-title":"Pattern of malformation in offspring of chronic alcoholic mothers","volume":"1","author":"Jones","year":"1973","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2001.115313","article-title":"The subtle facial signs of prenatal exposure to alcohol: An anthropometric approach","volume":"139","author":"Moore","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. 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