{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:23:48Z","timestamp":1760243028660,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,4]],"date-time":"2015-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFS)","award":["81172085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81172085"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The present study aimed to identify serum biomarkers for the detection of hepatoblastoma (HB). Serum samples were collected from 71 HB patients (stage I, n = 19; stage II, n = 19, stage III, n = 19; and stage IV, n = 14) and 23 age- and sex-matched healthy children. Differential expression of serum protein markers were screened  using surface-enhanced laser desorption\/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS), and the target proteins were isolated and purified using HPLC  and identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption\/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), SEQUEST, and bioinformatics analysis. Differential protein expression was confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent analysis (ELISA). SELDI-TOF-MS screening identified a differentially expressed protein with an m\/z of  9348 Da, which was subsequently identified as Apo A\u2013I; its expression was significantly lower in the HB group as compared to the normal control group (1546.67 \u00b1 757.81 vs. 3359.21 \u00b1 999.36, respectively; p &lt; 0.01). Although the expression level decreased with increasing disease stage, pair-wise comparison revealed significant differences in Apo A\u2013I expression between the normal group and the HB subgroups (p &lt; 0.01). ELISA verified the reduced expression of Apo A\u2013I in the HB group. Taken together, these results suggest that Apo A\u2013I may represent a serum protein biomarker of HB. Further studies will assess the value of using Apo A\u2013I expression for HB diagnosis and staging.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms160612669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,4]],"date-time":"2015-06-04T11:54:59Z","timestamp":1433418899000},"page":"12669-12685","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Detection of Serum Protein Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Staging of Hepatoblastoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,  Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,  Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,  Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,  Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,  Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,  Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,  Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiekai","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cancer, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cancer, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaxiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,  Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2012.05.007","article-title":"Malignant liver tumors","volume":"21","author":"Honeyman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin. 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