{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T05:09:59Z","timestamp":1784956199916,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,31]],"date-time":"2015-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Homocysteine (Hcy) is an independent risk factor for a variety of cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, stroke, etc. There is a close relationship between the vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and these diseases. Recent studies have shown homocysteine can induce apoptosis in endothelial cells, which may be an important mechanism for the development of theses cardiovascular diseases. Although there are several reports about how the Hcy induces apoptosis in endothelial cells, the exact mechanism is  not fully understood. MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNA. Previous studies have shown that there is a close relationship between several microRNAs and cell apoptosis. However, there are no studies about the role of microRNAs in Hcy-induced apoptosis in endothelial  cells so far. In this study, we constructed the model of homocysteine-induced apoptosis in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) and found miR-30b was significantly down-regulated by 1 mmol\/L Hcy. In addition, overexpression of miR-30b can improve  the Hcy-induced apoptosis in HCAECs by downregulating caspase-3 expression. Therefore, miR-30b may play an important role in Hcy-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms160817682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,31]],"date-time":"2015-07-31T10:12:24Z","timestamp":1438337544000},"page":"17682-17695","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["MiR-30b Is Involved in the Homocysteine-Induced Apoptosis in Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells by Regulating the Expression of Caspase 3"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University,  Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University,  Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University,  Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cadre Recuperation, Navy Medical Service Sanatorium, Hangzhou 310002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianliang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University,  Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2014.05.025","article-title":"Relationship between homocysteine and coronary artery disease. Results from a large prospective cohort study","volume":"134","author":"Schaffer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"316","article-title":"Association of serum homocysteine levels with the severity and calcification of coronary atherosclerotic plaques detected by coronary CT angiography","volume":"33","author":"Sun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Angiol."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Ma, Y., Li, L., Geng, X.B., Hong, Y., Shang, X.M., Tan, Z., Song, Y.X., Zhao, G.Y., Zhao, B.Q., and Tian, M.R. (2014). Correlation between hyperhomocysteinemia and outcomes of patients With acute myocardial infarction. Am. J. Ther."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2014.05.011","article-title":"Homocysteine level and risk of different stroke types: A meta-analysis of prospective observational studies","volume":"24","author":"He","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2423(10)52004-3","article-title":"Endothelial cell biology: Role in the inflammatory response","volume":"52","author":"Pate","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Clin. Chem."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-011-9297-y","article-title":"Homocysteine-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells coincides with nuclear NOX2 and peri-nuclear NOX4 activity","volume":"67","author":"Sipkens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813450","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/813450","article-title":"Phytoestrogen \u0251-Zearalanol attenuates homocysteine-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells","volume":"2013","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"282","article-title":"Homocysteine-induced hypermethylation of DDAH2 promoter contributes to apoptosis of endothelial cells","volume":"68","author":"Jia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmazie"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"33","article-title":"Involvement of MicroRNA in T-Cell Differentiation and Malignancy","volume":"9","author":"Saki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Hematol. Oncol. Stem Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H2512","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00233.2008","article-title":"Downregulation of Dicer expression by serum withdrawal sensitizes human endothelial cells to apoptosis","volume":"295","author":"Asada","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Pan, Q., Zhao, Y., He, C., Bi, K., Chen, Y., Zhao, B., Chen, Y., and Ma, X. (2015). MicroRNA-155 regulates ROS production, no generation, apoptosis and multiple functions of human brain microvessel endothelial cells under physiological and pathological conditions. J. Cell. Biochem.","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.25234"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-015-2403-5","article-title":"MicroRNA-221\/222 regulate ox-LDL-induced endothelial apoptosis via Ets-1\/p21 inhibition","volume":"405","author":"Qin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s12867-015-0034-8","article-title":"MicroRNA-19a regulates lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial cell apoptosis through modulation of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 expression","volume":"16","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9401","DOI":"10.1038\/srep09401","article-title":"MicroRNA-26a prevents endothelial cell apoptosis by directly targeting TRPC6 in the setting of atherosclerosis","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2014.10.027","article-title":"MicroRNA-495 regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells by targeting chemokine CCL2","volume":"135","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531979","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/531979","article-title":"Human cytomegalovirus-encoded miR-US25\u20131 aggravates the oxidised low density lipoprotein-induced apoptosis of endothelial cells","volume":"2014","author":"Fan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1301790","article-title":"Platelet-secreted microRNA-223 promotes endothelial cell apoptosis induced by advanced glycation end products via targeting the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor","volume":"192","author":"Pan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22708","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms141122708","article-title":"Hsa-let-7g miRNA targets caspase-3 and inhibits the apoptosis induced by ox-LDL in endothelial cells","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.19257","article-title":"Resveratrol inhibits hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells via the activation of PI3K\/Akt by miR-126","volume":"21","author":"Sui","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Atheroscler. Thromb."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1345169","article-title":"MiR-21 is overexpressed in response to high glucose and protects endothelial cells from apoptosis","volume":"121","author":"Zeng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"675","article-title":"Effects of miR-590\u20135p on ox-LDL-induced endothelial cells apoptosis and LOX-1 expression","volume":"37","author":"Qin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cent. South Univ. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2012.03.023","article-title":"MicroRNA-513a-5p mediates TNF-\u03b1 and LPS induced apoptosis via downregulation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptotic protein in endothelial cells","volume":"94","author":"Shin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvr290","article-title":"Effects of down-regulation of microRNA-23a on TNF-\u03b1-induced endothelial cell apoptosis through caspase-dependent pathways","volume":"93","author":"Ruan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2011.05.118","article-title":"MicroRNAs expression in ox-LDL treated HUVECs: MiR-365 modulates apoptosis and Bcl-2 expression","volume":"410","author":"Qin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-009-9063-6","article-title":"MicroRNAs are involved in homocysteine-induced cardiac remodeling","volume":"55","author":"Mishra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-013-8421-y","article-title":"Synergy of homocysteine, microRNA, and epigenetics: A novel therapeutic approach for stroke","volume":"48","author":"Kalani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"111","article-title":"Vascular pathology of homocysteinemia: Implications for the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis","volume":"56","author":"McCully","year":"1969","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-006-9204-9","article-title":"Comparative study on in vitro effects of homocysteine thiolactone and homocysteine on HUVEC cells: Evidence for a stronger proapoptotic and proinflammative homocysteine thiolactone","volume":"291","author":"Kerkeni","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2015.02.051","article-title":"Protective effect of microRNA-30b on hypoxia\/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis in H9C2 cardiomyocytes","volume":"561","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Song, C.L., Liu, B., Wang, J.P., Zhang, B.L., Zhang, J.C., Zhao, L.Y., Shi, Y.F., Li, Y.X., Wang, G., and Diao, H.Y. (2015). Anti-apoptotic Effect of MicroRNA-30b in Early Phase of Rat Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Model. J. Cell. Biochem.","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.25208"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e106049","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0106049","article-title":"miR-30b, down-regulated in gastric cancer, promotes apoptosis and suppresses tumor growth by targeting plasminogen activator inhibitor-1","volume":"9","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4309","article-title":"MicroRNA-30b functions as a tumour suppressor in human colorectal cancer by targeting KRAS, PIK3CD and BCL2","volume":"232","author":"Liao","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4847","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2013.429","article-title":"MicroRNA-18a induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells via the autophagolysosomal degradation of oncogenic heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1","volume":"33","author":"Fujiya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e99","DOI":"10.1038\/oncsis.2014.12","article-title":"MicroRNA-18a is elevated in prostate cancer and promotes tumorigenesis through suppressing STK4 in vitro and in vivo","volume":"3","author":"Hsu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncogenesis"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2014.03.009","article-title":"MiR-18a regulates the proliferation, migration and invasion of human glioblastoma cell by targeting neogenin","volume":"324","author":"Song","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009652011466","article-title":"Homocysteine-thiolactone induces caspase-independent vascular endothelial cell death with apoptotic features","volume":"5","author":"Garnier","year":"2000","journal-title":"Apoptosis"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-015-1956-7","article-title":"Homocysteine thiolactone and N-homocysteinylated protein induce pro-atherogenic changes in gene expression in human vascular endothelial cells","volume":"47","author":"Gurda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Amino Acids"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/16\/8\/17682\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T20:50:02Z","timestamp":1760215802000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/16\/8\/17682"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,31]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms160817682"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms160817682","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,31]]}}}