{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:55:00Z","timestamp":1790142900012,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,3]],"date-time":"2015-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) attacks the liver and can cause both acute as well as chronic liver diseases which might lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Regardless of the availability of a vaccine and numerous treatment options, HBV is a major cause of morbidity and mortality across the world. Recently,microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important modulators of gene function. Studies on the role of miRNA in the regulation of hepatitis B virus gene expression have been the focus of modern antiviral research. miRNAs can regulate viral replication and pathogenesis in a number of different ways, which includefacilitation, direct or indirect inhibition, activation of immune response, epigenetic modulation, etc. Nevertheless, these mechanisms can appropriately be used with a diagnosticand\/or therapeutic approach. The present review is an attempt to classify specific miRNAs that are reported to be associated with various aspects of hepatitis B biology, in order to precisely present the participation of individual miRNAs in multiple aspects relating to HBV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms160817746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,5]],"date-time":"2015-08-05T03:18:55Z","timestamp":1438744735000},"page":"17746-17762","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Hepatitis B Virus Infection, MicroRNAs and Liver Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Neelakshi","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ICMR Virus Unit, Kolkata, ID & BG Hospital Campus, Kolkata-700010, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runu","family":"Chakravarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICMR Virus Unit, Kolkata, ID & BG Hospital Campus, Kolkata-700010, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24809","article-title":"Loss of microRNA 122 expression in patients with hepatitis B enhances hepatitis B virus replication through cyclin G(1)-modulated P53 activity","volume":"55","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9071(200007)61:3<362::AID-JMV14>3.0.CO;2-I","article-title":"Hepatitis B: An important public health issue","volume":"61","author":"Maddrey","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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