{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T04:50:05Z","timestamp":1789707005207,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,4]],"date-time":"2015-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Stenosing tenosynovitis of the first dorsal compartment of the wrist (a.k.a. de Quervain\u2019s disease) is common but how estrogen is involved is still unknown. We previously reported that inflammation was involved in the pathogenesis of this ailment. In the present study, we extended our investigation of estrogen receptor (ER)-\u03b2 expression to determine whether estrogen is involved in the pathogenesis of de Quervain\u2019s. Intraoperative retinaculum samples were collected from 16 patients with the ailment. Specimens were histologically graded by collagen structure and immunohistochemically evaluated by quantifying the expression of ER-\u03b2, interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2 and IL-6 (inflammatory cytokines), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 (an inflammatory enzyme), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and Von Willebrand\u2019s factor (vWF). De Quervain\u2019s occurs primarily in women. The female:male ratio in our study was 7:1. We found that ER-\u03b2 expression in the retinaculum was positively correlated with disease grade and patient age. Additionally, disease severity was associated with inflammatory factors\u2014IL-1\u03b2 and IL-6, COX-2, and VEGF and vWF in tenosynovial tissue. The greater the levels of ER-\u03b2 expression, tissue inflammation, and angiogenesis are, the more severe de Quervain\u2019s disease is. ER-\u03b2 might be a useful target for novel de Quervain\u2019s disease therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms161125968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,4]],"date-time":"2015-11-04T10:46:46Z","timestamp":1446634006000},"page":"26452-26462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The Estrogen Receptor-\u03b2 Expression in  De Quervain\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Po-Chuan","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan 70043, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping-Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Po-Ting","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, 1 Dashuei Road,  Tainan 70101, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuo-Chen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Kuo\u2019s General Hospital, Tainan 70054, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeng-Long","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, 89 Wenhua 1st Street,  Rende District, Tainan 71703, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I-Ming","family":"Jou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, 1 Dashuei Road,  Tainan 70101, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"641","article-title":"On a form of chronic tendovaginitis by Dr. Fritz de Quervain in la Chaux-de-Fonds. 1895","volume":"26","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. 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