{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T18:25:51Z","timestamp":1760898351612,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,11]],"date-time":"2015-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1449792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Certain bactericidal antibiotics target mitochondrial components and, due to the leakage of electrons from the electron transport chain, one-electron reduction might occur that can lead to intermediates passing the electron to suitable acceptors. This study aimed at investigating the one-electron reduction mechanism of selected penicillin derivatives using pulse radiolysis techniques. Penicillins can accommodate the electron on each of their carbonyl carbon. Ketyl radicals are thus produced, which are reducing agents with possibility to interact with suitable biomolecules. A detailed mechanism of the reduction is reported.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms161226130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,14]],"date-time":"2015-12-14T02:57:29Z","timestamp":1450061849000},"page":"29673-29681","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["One-Electron Reduction of Penicillins in Relation to the Oxidative Stress Phenomenon"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"L\u00e1szl\u00f3","family":"Szab\u00f3","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Energy Security and Environmental Safety, Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest H-1121, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest H-1111, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T\u00fcnde","family":"T\u00f3th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest H-1111, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erzs\u00e9bet","family":"Tak\u00e1cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Energy Security and Environmental Safety, Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest H-1121, Hungary"},{"name":"\u00d3buda University, S\u00e1ndor Rejt\u0151 Faculty of Light Industry and Environmental Engineering, Budapest H-1034, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L\u00e1szl\u00f3","family":"Wojn\u00e1rovits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Energy Security and Environmental Safety, Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest H-1121, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.06.049","article-title":"A common mechanism of cellular death induced by bactericidal antibiotics","volume":"130","author":"Kohanski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1232688","article-title":"Killing by bactericidal antibiotics does not depend on reactive oxygen species","volume":"339","author":"Keren","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1232751","article-title":"Cell death from antibiotics without the involvement of reactive oxygen species","volume":"339","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2008.03.003","article-title":"Interaction of \u03b2-lactam antibiotics with the mitochondrial carnitine\/acylcarnitine transporter","volume":"173","author":"Pochini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chem. 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