{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:11:09Z","timestamp":1787317869442,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,31]],"date-time":"2015-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000930","name":"NSF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CHE 1156867"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CHE 1156867"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000930","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of stimulus-responsive photosensitizer delivery systems that carry a high payload of photosensitizers is of great importance in photodynamic therapy. In this study, redox-responsive polysilsesquioxane nanoparticles (PSilQNPs) built by a reverse microemulsion approach using 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP) silane derivatives as building blocks, were successfully fabricated. The structural properties of TCPP-PSilQNPs were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS)\/\u03b6-potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The photophysical properties were determined by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The quantity of singlet oxygen generated in solution was measured using 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran. The redox-responsive release of TCPP molecules was successfully demonstrated in solution in the presence of a reducing agent. The internalization of TCPP-PSilQNPs in cancer cells was investigated using laser scanning confocal microscopy. Phototoxicity experiments in vitro showed that the redox-responsive TCPP-PSilQNPs exhibited an improved phototherapeutic effect on cervical cancer cells compared to a non-responsive TCPP-PSilQNP control material.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17010056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,5]],"date-time":"2016-01-05T02:29:07Z","timestamp":1451960947000},"page":"56","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Redox-Responsive Porphyrin-Based Polysilsesquioxane Nanoparticles for Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Vega","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA"},{"name":"The Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Lodge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Vivero-Escoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA"},{"name":"The Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2010.02.001","article-title":"Oncologic photodynamic therapy photosensitizers: A clinical review","volume":"7","author":"Allison","year":"2010","journal-title":"Photodiagn. 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