{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:06:16Z","timestamp":1790658376131,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,12]],"date-time":"2016-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1452556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Metal often causes delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, which are possibly mediated by accumulating T cells in the inflamed skin, called irritant or allergic contact dermatitis. However, accumulating T cells during development of a metal allergy are poorly characterized because a suitable animal model is unavailable. We have previously established novel murine models of metal allergy and found accumulation of both metal-specific T cells and natural killer (NK) T cells in the inflamed skin. In our novel models of metal allergy, skin hypersensitivity responses were induced through repeated sensitizations by administration of metal chloride and lipopolysaccharide into the mouse groin followed by metal chloride challenge in the footpad. These models enabled us to investigate the precise mechanisms of the immune responses of metal allergy in the inflamed skin. In this review, we summarize the immune responses in several murine models of metal allergy and describe which antigen-specific responses occur in the inflamed skin during allergic contact dermatitis in terms of the T cell receptor. In addition, we consider the immune regulation of accumulated NK T cells in metal ion\u2013induced allergic contact dermatitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17010087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,12]],"date-time":"2016-01-12T04:42:26Z","timestamp":1452573746000},"page":"87","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Possible Immune Regulation of Natural Killer T Cells in a Murine Model of Metal Ion-Induced Allergic Contact Dermatitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Kenichi","family":"Kumagai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-3-1 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0392, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Horikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Nishi-Kobe Medical Center, 5-7-1 Kojidai, Kobe 651-2273, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Shigematsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-3-1 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0392, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryota","family":"Matsubara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-3-1 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0392, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazutaka","family":"Kitaura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0392, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takanori","family":"Eguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0392, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Toshiba Rinkan Hospital, 7-9-1 Kamitsuruma, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0385, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0392, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shonan Tobu Hospital, 500 Nishikubo, Chigasaki 253-0083, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasunari","family":"Nakasone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-3-1 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichiro","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-3-1 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Reconstructive Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Iwate Medical University School of Dentistry, Morioka, Iwate 020-8505, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satsuki","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Biological Sciences, Research Center for Odontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Hamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-3-1 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryuji","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0392, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2009.01524.x","article-title":"Investigation of contact allergy to dental metals in 206 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