{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T05:00:24Z","timestamp":1783573224284,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,22]],"date-time":"2016-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1458604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Periodontitis is an oral inflammatory disease that not only affects the integrity of local tooth-supporting tissues but also impacts systemic health. A compositional shift in oral microbiota has been considered as the main cause of periodontitis; however, the potential mechanism has not been fully defined. Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT\/enhancer-binding protein \u03b2 (C\/EBP \u03b2), a member of the C\/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS). RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of C\/EBP \u03b2 was significantly increased in hPDLCs stimulated with LPS stimuli. Overexpression of C\/EBP \u03b2 by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd\/C\/EBP \u03b2 markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS. Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2\u03b1, GRP78\/Bip, and C\/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). The ER stress inhibitor salubrinal repressed, but inducer tunicamycin enhanced, the production of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in hPDLCs. Additionally, ER stress inducer tunicamycin significantly increased the expression level of C\/EBP \u03b2 in hPDLCs. Blocking of C\/EBP \u03b2 by siRNA resulted in a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 and expression of MMP-8 and MMP-9 induced by tunicamycin treatment in hPDLCs. Taken together, ER stress appears to play a regulatory role in the inflammatory response and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in hPDLCs in response to LPS stimuli by activating C\/EBP \u03b2 expression. This enhances our understanding of human periodontitis pathology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17030385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,22]],"date-time":"2016-03-22T11:50:37Z","timestamp":1458647437000},"page":"385","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["C\/EBP \u03b2 Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response and Extracellular Matrix Degradation in LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yudi","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lian","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxiang","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Statistics, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an 710033, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3785","article-title":"Periodontitis: From microbial immune subversion to systemic inflammation","volume":"15","author":"Hajishengallis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. 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