{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T08:59:02Z","timestamp":1777193942586,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]],"date-time":"2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Polish National Science Center","award":["2011\/01\/D\/NZ5\/01396"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011\/01\/D\/NZ5\/01396"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: In the present study, we aimed to evaluate whether polymorphisms within the RORc2 gene are involved in the risk and severity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: 591 RA patients and 341 healthy individuals were examined for RORc2 gene polymorphisms. Serum retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor C (RORc) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The rs9826 A\/G, rs12045886 T\/C and rs9017 G\/A RORc2 gene SNPs show no significant differences in the proportion of cases and control. Overall, rs9826 and rs9017 were in high linkage disequilibrium (LD) with D\u2019 = 0.952 and r2 = 0.874, except rs9826 and rs12045886; and rs12045886 and rs9017 in weak LD. The genotype\u2013phenotype analysis showed a significant association between RORc2 rs9826 A\/G and rs9017 G\/A single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and median of C-reactive protein (CRP). Serum RORc levels was higher in RA patients with rs9826AA, rs12045886TT and -TC, and rs9017AA genotypes compared to healthy subjects with the same genotypes (p = 0.02, p = 0.04 and p = 0.01, respectively). Moreover, the median of RORc protein level was higher in RA patients with number of swollen joints bigger then 3 (p = 0.04) and with Health Assessment Questionnaires (HAQ) score bigger then 1.5 (0.049). Conclusions: Current findings indicated that the RORc2 genetic polymorphism and the RORc2 protein level may be associated with severity of RA in the Polish population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17040488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]],"date-time":"2016-04-01T10:31:20Z","timestamp":1459506680000},"page":"488","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["RORC2 Genetic Variants and Serum Levels in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Paradowska-Gorycka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Sparta\u0144ska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Stypinska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Sparta\u0144ska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6557-1208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Pawlik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Romanowska-Prochnicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Connective Tissue Diseases, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Haladyj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Connective Tissue Diseases, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malgorzata","family":"Manczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marzena","family":"Olesinska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Connective Tissue Diseases, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2008.04.017","article-title":"Role of Th1 and Th17 cells in organ-specyfic autoimmunity","volume":"3","author":"Dardalhon","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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