{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:07:50Z","timestamp":1791331670993,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":188,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,27]],"date-time":"2016-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia","award":["APP1048740"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1048740"]}]},{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia","award":["APP1061332"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1061332"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs involved in biological and pathological processes of every cell type, including liver cells. Transcribed from specific genes, miRNA precursors are processed in the cytoplasm into mature miRNAs and as part of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) complex binds to messenger RNA (mRNA) by imperfect complementarity. This leads to the regulation of gene expression at a post-transcriptional level. The function of a number of different miRNAs in fibrogenesis associated with the progression of chronic liver disease has recently been elucidated. Furthermore, miRNAs have been shown to be both disease-and tissue-specific and are stable in the circulation, which has led to increasing investigation on their utility as biomarkers for the diagnosis of chronic liver diseases, including those in children. Here, we review the current knowledge on the biogenesis of microRNA, the mechanisms of translational repression and the use of miRNA as circulatory biomarkers in chronic paediatric liver diseases including cystic fibrosis associated liver disease, biliary atresia and viral hepatitis B.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17111795","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,27]],"date-time":"2016-10-27T10:17:52Z","timestamp":1477563472000},"page":"1795","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Function and Regulation of MicroRNAs and Their Potential as Biomarkers in Paediatric Liver Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Diego","family":"Calvopina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatic Fibrosis Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miranda","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatic Fibrosis Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Lewindon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatic Fibrosis Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lady Cilento Children\u2032s Hospital, 501 Stanley St, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant","family":"Ramm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatic Fibrosis Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2002.02678.x","article-title":"Pediatric liver disease in the United States: Epidemiology and impact","volume":"17","author":"Arya","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. 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