{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T18:38:15Z","timestamp":1760985495942,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,31]],"date-time":"2016-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["1143560"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1143560"]}]},{"name":"Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC)","award":["14691","9965","17468","14559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14691","9965","17468","14559"]}]},{"name":"CARIPLO-NOBEL","award":["Genoproteomics of Age Related Disorders"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Genoproteomics of Age Related Disorders"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of plasma cells characterized by multifocal osteolytic bone lesions. Macroscopic and genetic heterogeneity has been documented within MM lesions. Understanding the bases of such heterogeneity may unveil relevant features of MM pathobiology. To this aim, we deployed unbiased 1H high-resolution magic-angle spinning (HR-MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics to analyze multiple biopsy specimens of osteolytic lesions from one case of pathological fracture caused by MM. Multivariate analyses on normalized metabolite peak integrals allowed clusterization of samples in accordance with a posteriori histological findings. We investigated the relationship between morphological and NMR features by merging morphological data and metabolite profiling into a single correlation matrix. Data-merging addressed tissue heterogeneity, and greatly facilitated the mapping of lesions and nearby healthy tissues. Our proof-of-principle study reveals integrated metabolomics and histomorphology as a promising approach for the targeted study of osteolytic lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17111814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,31]],"date-time":"2016-10-31T11:09:46Z","timestamp":1477912186000},"page":"1814","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Assessing Heterogeneity of Osteolytic Lesions in Multiple Myeloma by 1H HR-MAS NMR Metabolomics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Laurette","family":"Tavel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomolecular NMR Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Fontana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Protein Transport and Secretion Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy"},{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e8","family":"Garcia Manteiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Protein Transport and Secretion Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Mari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomolecular NMR Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Mariani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Age Related Diseases Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Caneva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Interdipartimentale Grandi Apparecchiature, Universit\u00e0 di Milano, 20132 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Sitia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Protein Transport and Secretion Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy"},{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Camnasio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Orthopaedics, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magda","family":"Marcatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncohematology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Cenci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy"},{"name":"Age Related Diseases Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Musco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomolecular NMR Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1011442","article-title":"Multiple myeloma","volume":"364","author":"Palumbo","year":"2011","journal-title":"N. 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