{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:20:47Z","timestamp":1760242847380,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Trench fever, caused by Bartonella quintana, is recognized as a re-emerging and neglected disease. Rapid and sensitive detection approaches are urgently required to monitor and help control B. quintana infections. Here, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), which amplifies target DNA at a fixed temperature with high sensitivity, specificity and rapidity, was employed to detect B. quintana. Thirty-six strains, including 10 B. quintana, 13 other Bartonella spp., and 13 other common pathogens, were applied to verify and evaluate the LAMP assay. The specificity of the LAMP assay was 100%, and the limit of detection was 125 fg\/reaction. The LAMP assay was compared with qPCR in the examination of 100 rhesus and 20 rhesus-feeder blood samples; the diagnostic accuracy was found to be 100% when LAMP was compared to qPCR, but the LAMP assay was significantly more sensitive (p &lt; 0.05). Thus, LAMP methodology is a useful for diagnosis of trench fever in humans and primates, especially in low-resource settings, because of its rapid, sensitive detection that does not require sophisticated equipment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17121902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,2]],"date-time":"2016-12-02T10:36:37Z","timestamp":1480674997000},"page":"1902","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Rapid, Sensitive Detection of Bartonella quintana by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification of the groEL Gene"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Shoukui","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory of Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing100144, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Tropical and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China"},{"name":"School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory of Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing100144, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiuping","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jimin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, China"},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiyong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1546-x","article-title":"Bartonella spp.\u2014A chance to establish one health concepts in veterinary and human medicine","volume":"9","author":"Regier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Minnick, M.F., Anderson, B.E., Lima, A., Battisti, J.M., Lawyer, P.G., and Birtles, R.J. (2014). Oroya fever and verruga peruana: Bartonelloses unique to south america. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 8.","key":"ref_2","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002919"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guy, L., Nystedt, B., Toft, C., Zaremba-Niedzwiedzka, K., Berglund, E.C., Granberg, F., Naslund, K., Eriksson, A.S., and Andersson, S.G. (2013). A gene transfer agent and a dynamic repertoire of secretion systems hold the keys to the explosive radiation of the emerging pathogen Bartonella. PLoS Genet., 9.","key":"ref_3","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1003393"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1202.050874","article-title":"Bartonella quintana characteristics and clinical management","volume":"12","author":"Foucault","year":"2006","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2856","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00832-08","article-title":"Bartonella sp. Bacteremia in patients with neurological and neurocognitive dysfunction","volume":"46","author":"Breitschwerdt","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patbio.2014.06.001","article-title":"Bartonella quintana meningoencephalitis in an immunocompetent: Rare case","volume":"62","author":"Kooli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pathol. Biol. (Paris)"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abromaitis, S., Nelson, C.S., Previte, D., Yoon, K.S., Clark, J.M., DeRisi, J.L., and Koehler, J.E. (2013). Bartonella quintana deploys host and vector temperature-specific transcriptomes. PLoS ONE, 8.","key":"ref_7","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0058773"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pitassi, L.H., de Paiva Diniz, P.P., Scorpio, D.G., Drummond, M.R., Lania, B.G., Barjas-Castro, M.L., Gilioli, R., Colombo, S., Sowy, S., and Breitschwerdt, E.B. (2015). Bartonella spp. Bacteremia in blood donors from campinas, brazil. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 9.","key":"ref_8","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003467"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2662","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01972-12","article-title":"The Bartonella quintana extracytoplasmic function sigma factor rpoe has a role in bacterial adaptation to the arthropod vector environment","volume":"195","author":"Abromaitis","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2012.10.004","article-title":"Ctenocephalides felis an in vitro potential vector for five Bartonellaspecies","volume":"36","author":"Bouhsira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1374.080","article-title":"Bartonella infection in domestic cats and wild felids","volume":"1078","author":"Chomel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leulmi, H., Bitam, I., Berenger, J.M., Lepidi, H., Rolain, J.M., Almeras, L., Raoult, D., and Parola, P. (2015). Competence of cimex lectularius bed bugs for the transmission of Bartonella quintana, the agent of trench fever. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 9.","key":"ref_12","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003871"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.12663","article-title":"Acquisition and excretion of Bartonella quintana by the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis felis","volume":"23","author":"Kernif","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0182","article-title":"Bartonella quintana in cimex hemipterus, rwanda","volume":"89","author":"Angelakis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1086\/313586","article-title":"Detection of selected fastidious bacteria","volume":"30","author":"Doern","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4269","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.11.4269-4271.2000","article-title":"Serodiagnosis of Bartonella bacilliformis infection by indirect fluorescence antibody assay: Test development and application to a population in an area of bartonellosis endemicity","volume":"38","author":"Chamberlin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sanchez Clemente, N., Ugarte-Gil, C.A., Solorzano, N., Maguina, C., Pachas, P., Blazes, D., Bailey, R., Mabey, D., and Moore, D. (2012). Bartonella bacilliformis: A systematic review of the literature to guide the research agenda for elimination. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 6.","key":"ref_17","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001819"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Xu, H., Dai, H., Meng, S., and Ye, C. (2014). Rapid and sensitive detection of listeria ivanovii by loop-mediated isothermal amplification of the smcl gene. PLoS ONE, 9.","key":"ref_18","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0115868"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.57","article-title":"Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) of gene sequences and simple visual detection of products","volume":"3","author":"Tomita","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4063","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-010-0525-0","article-title":"Comparison of reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification, conventional PCR and real-time PCR assays for japanese encephalitis virus","volume":"38","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Angkasekwinai, N., Atkins, E.H., Johnson, R.N., Grieco, J.P., Ching, W.M., and Chao, C.C. (2014). Rapid and sensitive detection of Bartonella bacilliformis in experimentally infected sand flies by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) of the pap31 gene. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 8.","key":"ref_21","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003342"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E63","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.12.e63","article-title":"Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA","volume":"28","author":"Notomi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcp.2011.07.001","article-title":"Molecular identification of Bartonella quintana infection using species-specific real-time PCR targeting transcriptional regulatory protein (BQTR) gene","volume":"25","author":"Liberto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Probes"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2168","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2112.150632","article-title":"Japanese macaques (macaca fuscata) as natural reservoir of Bartonella quintana","volume":"21","author":"Sato","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3641","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.10.3641-3647.2002","article-title":"Genetic classification and differentiation of Bartonella species based on comparison of partial ftsz gene sequences","volume":"40","author":"Zeaiter","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268814001411","article-title":"Molecular detection of Bartonella spp. In deer ked pupae, adult keds and moose blood in finland","volume":"143","author":"Korhonen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, D., Kim, E.J., Kilgore, P.E., Kim, S.A., Takahashi, H., Ohnishi, M., Anh, D.D., Dong, B.Q., Kim, J.S., and Tomono, J. (2015). Clinical evaluation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid detection of neisseria meningitidis in cerebrospinal fluid. PLoS ONE, 10.","key":"ref_27","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122922"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pan, L., Zhang, L., Fan, D., Zhang, X., Liu, H., Lu, Q., and Xu, Q. (2013). Rapid, simple and sensitive detection of q fever by loop-mediated isothermal amplification of the htpab gene. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 7.","key":"ref_28","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002231"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.04.040","article-title":"Simple, rapid and sensitive detection of orientia tsutsugamushi by loop-isothermal DNA amplification","volume":"102","author":"Paris","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2007.09.019","article-title":"Development of a multiplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification (MLAMP) method for the simultaneous detection of bovine babesia parasites","volume":"71","author":"Iseki","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Methods"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-197","article-title":"Specific, sensitive and rapid detection of human plasmodium knowlesi infection by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) in blood samples","volume":"10","author":"Lau","year":"2011","journal-title":"Malar. J."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6933","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.12.6933-6942.2003","article-title":"Mitogenic effect of Bartonella bacilliformis on human vascular endothelial cells and involvement of groel","volume":"71","author":"Minnick","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/17\/12\/1902\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T19:27:49Z","timestamp":1760210869000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/17\/12\/1902"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms17121902"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms17121902","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1422-0067"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]]}}}