{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:17:54Z","timestamp":1790777874222,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,26]],"date-time":"2017-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Guangzhou Science Technology","award":["201607020011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201607020011"]}]},{"name":"the Innovation Commission and the Fundamental Research Funds of the Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong","award":["2014B030301040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014B030301040"]}]},{"name":"the Fundamental Research Funds of State Key Laboratory, China"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Models of benzalkonium chloride (BAC)-induced ocular disruption have been created and are widely used in various animals. This study aimed to compare the effects of BAC on the ocular surfaces of C57BL\/6 and BALB\/c mice. C57BL\/6 and BALB\/c mice were treated separately with BAC eye-drops at different concentrations. Eyes were evaluated by scoring epithelial disruption, corneal opacity and neovascularization in vivo, and by histological assays with hematoxylin\/eosin (H\/E) and periodic acid-Schiff stainings and by determining the expression of inflammatory factors in vitro on Days 7 and 14. The in vivo corneal epithelial disruption, corneal edema\/opacity and neovascularization, which were in accordance with the results of the H\/E staining and peaked at Day 7, were observed in a dose-dependent manner in the BAC-treated mice, with more severe signs in the C57BL\/6 mice than the BALB\/c mice. The loss of conjunctival goblet cells in the conjunctivas and the increasing expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), growth-regulated protein alpha (GROa) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1a) in the corneas were found in a dose-dependent manner in both strains of mice. Topical application of BAC can dramatically disrupt the ocular surfaces of C57BL\/6 and BALB\/c mice, and the disruptions were much more severe in the C57BL\/6 mice that received high doses of BAC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18030509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,27]],"date-time":"2017-02-27T11:00:20Z","timestamp":1488193220000},"page":"509","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["A Comparison of the Effects of Benzalkonium Chloride on Ocular Surfaces between C57BL\/6 and BALB\/c Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Qian","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yafang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaili","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2010.03.001","article-title":"Preservatives in eyedrops: The good, the bad and the ugly","volume":"29","author":"Baudouin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prog. 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