{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T19:09:26Z","timestamp":1785179366417,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,18]],"date-time":"2017-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1500336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Santen SAS, Ervy, France","award":["Research collaboration grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Research collaboration grant"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cationorm\u00ae (CN) cationic nanoemulsion was demonstrated to enhance tear film (TF) stability in vivo possibly via effects on tear film lipid layer (TFLL). Therefore the interactions of CN with human meibum (MGS) and TFLL in vitro and in vivo deserve special study. MGS and CN were spread at the air\/water interface of a Langmuir surface balance to ensure a range of MGS\/CN oil phase ratios: 20\/1, 10\/1, 5\/1, 3\/1, 2\/1 and 1\/1. The films capability to reorganize during dynamic area changes was evaluated via the surface pressure-area compression isotherms and step\/relaxation dilatational rheology studies. Films structure was monitored with Brewster angle microscopy. CN\/TFLL interactions at the ocular surface were monitored with non-contact specular microscopy. The in vitro studies of MGS\/CN layers showed that (i) CN inclusion (at fixed MGS content) increased film elasticity and thickness and that (ii) CN can compensate for moderate meibum deficiency in MGS\/CN films. In vivo CN mixed with TFLL in a manner similar to CN\/MGS interactions in vitro, and resulted in enhanced thickness of TFLL. In vitro and in vivo data complement each other and facilitated the study of the composition-structure-function relationship that determines the impact of cationic nanoemulsions on TF.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18071558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,18]],"date-time":"2017-07-18T10:33:14Z","timestamp":1500373994000},"page":"1558","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Surface Chemistry Interactions of Cationorm with Films by Human Meibum and Tear Film Compounds"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Georgi","family":"Georgiev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physics, University of Sofia \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norihiko","family":"Yokoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 602-8566 Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yana","family":"Nencheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physics, University of Sofia \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikola","family":"Peev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physics, University of Sofia \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Daull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santen SAS, 91058 Evry, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S5555","article-title":"Etiology, prevalence, and treatment of dry eye disease","volume":"3","author":"Gayton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. 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