{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:46:54Z","timestamp":1789991214804,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,20]],"date-time":"2017-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["MOST-106-2633-B-009-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST-106-2633-B-009-001"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["MOST-104-0210-01-09-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST-104-0210-01-09-02"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["MOST-105-0210-01-13-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST-105-0210-01-13-01"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["MOST-106-0210-01-15-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST-106-0210-01-15-02"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["MOST-106-2321-B-010-006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST-106-2321-B-010-006"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["MOST-106-2319-B-001-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST-106-2319-B-001-003"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["MOST-106-2119-M-010-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST-106-2119-M-010-001"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["MOST-106-3114-B-010-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST-106-3114-B-010-002"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","award":["MOHW-106-TDU-B-211-113001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOHW-106-TDU-B-211-113001"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","award":["MOHW-106-TDU-B-211-144003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOHW-106-TDU-B-211-144003"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004737","name":"National Health Research Institutes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NHRI-EX106-10621BI"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NHRI-EX106-10621BI"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004737","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004737","name":"National Health Research Institutes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NHRI-V106E-004-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NHRI-V106E-004-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004737","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Optic neuropathies, such as glaucoma and Leber\u2019s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) lead to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss and therefore motivate the application of transplantation technique into disease therapy. However, it is a challenge to direct the transplanted optic nerve axons to the correct location of the retina. The use of appropriate scaffold can promote the proper axon growth. Recently, biocompatible materials have been integrated into the medical field, such as tissue engineering and reconstruction of damaged tissues or organs. We, herein, utilized nano-imprinting to create a scaffold mimicking the in vitro tissue microarchitecture, and guiding the axonal growth and orientation of the RGCs. We observed that the robust, long, and organized axons of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived RGCs projected axially along the scaffold grooves. The RGCs grown on the scaffold expressed the specific neuronal biomarkers indicating their proper functionality. Thus, based on our in vitro culture system, this device can be useful for the neurophysiological analysis and transplantation for ophthalmic neuropathy treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18092013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,20]],"date-time":"2017-09-20T10:57:41Z","timestamp":1505905061000},"page":"2013","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Elongation of Axon Extension for Human iPSC-Derived Retinal Ganglion Cells by a Nano-Imprinted Scaffold"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Tien-Chun","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jen-Hua","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waradee","family":"Buddhakosai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Ju","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen-Ju","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wun-Syuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Ping","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Chia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Hsien","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital and Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taipei 11101, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih-Jen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(97)00226-5","article-title":"Regenerative capacity of retinal ganglion cells in mammals","volume":"38","author":"So","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vis. 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