{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:24:02Z","timestamp":1787063042381,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]],"date-time":"2018-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin","award":["WLBiML-431-04\/s\/14\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WLBiML-431-04\/s\/14\/2017"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Little is known about the pathomechanism of pulmonary infections caused by Acanthamoeba sp. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether Acanthamoeba sp. may affect the expression and activity of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), resulting in the altered levels of their main products, prostaglandins (PGE2) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2), in lungs of immunocompetent or immunosuppressed hosts. Acanthamoeba sp. induced a strong expression of COX-1 and COX-2 proteins in the lungs of immunocompetent mice, which, however, did not result in significant differences in the expression of PGE2 and TXB2. Our immunohistochemical analysis showed that immunosuppression induced by glucocorticoids in Acanthamoeba sp.-infected mice caused a decrease in COX-1 and COX-2 (not at the beginning of infection) in lung tissue. These results suggest that similar to COX-2, COX-1 is an important mediator of the pathophysiology in experimental pulmonary acanthamoebiasis. We suggest that the signaling pathways important for Acanthamoeba sp. induction of lung infection might interact with each other and depend on the host immune status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19010121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,3]],"date-time":"2018-01-03T12:00:06Z","timestamp":1514980806000},"page":"121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Expression and Activity of COX-1 and COX-2 in Acanthamoeba sp.-Infected Lungs According to the Host Immunological Status"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Natalia","family":"\u0141anocha-Arendarczyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9187-8895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irena","family":"Baranowska-Bosiacka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0051-2295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"Kot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8823-0473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izabela","family":"Gutowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Kolasa-Wo\u0142osiuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4497-4395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dariusz","family":"Chlubek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danuta","family":"Kosik-Bogacka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-5-6","article-title":"Biology and pathogenesis of Acanthamoeba","volume":"5","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"271","article-title":"The occurrence Acanthamoeba (free living amoeba) in environmental and respiratory samples in Poland","volume":"48","author":"Lanocha","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Protozool."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2015010","article-title":"An update on Acanthamoeba keratitis: Diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment","volume":"22","author":"Khan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, M.K., Cho, M.K., Kang, S.A., Park, H.K., Kim, D.H., and Yu, H.S. 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