{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:29:51Z","timestamp":1787063391423,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]],"date-time":"2018-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"CNPq","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["447857\/2014-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["447857\/2014-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Kalanchoe brasiliensis and Kalanchoe pinnata are used interchangeably in traditional medicine for treating peptic ulcers and inflammatory problems. In this context, this study aims to characterize the chemical constituents and evaluate the gastroprotective activity of the leaf juices of the two species in acute gastric lesions models. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometer (UHPLC-MS) were performed for chemical characterization. Wistar rats were pre-treated orally with leaf juices (125, 250 and 500 mg\/kg) or ranitidine (50 mg\/kg). The peaks observed in the chromatogram of K. brasiliensis showed similar mass spectra to flavonoid glycosides derived from patuletin and eupafolin, while K. pinnata showed mass spectra similar to compounds derived from quercetin, patuletin, eupafolin and kaempferol. K. brasiliensis at all doses and K. pinnata at doses of 250 mg\/kg and 500 mg\/kg significantly reduced the lesions in the ethanol induction model. In the indomethacin induction model, both species showed significant results at doses of 250 and 500 mg\/kg. Also, the pre-treatment with leaf juices increased the antioxidant defense system, glutathione (GSH), whereas malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2) and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) levels were significantly decreased. Treatment with leaf juices led to the upregulation of zone occludes-1 (ZO-1) and the downregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and factor nuclear-\u03ba\u03b2 transcription (NF-\u03baB-p65), while also showing a cytoprotective effect and maintaining mucus production. These findings show that the leaf juices of the two species showed gastroprotective effects on ethanol and gastric indomethacin injury which were a consequence of gastric inflammation suppression, antioxidant activity and the maintenance of cytoprotective defenses and mucosal structure architecture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19051265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]],"date-time":"2018-04-24T04:44:48Z","timestamp":1524545088000},"page":"1265","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Gastroprotective and Antioxidant Activity of Kalanchoe brasiliensis and Kalanchoe pinnata Leaf Juices against Indomethacin and Ethanol-Induced Gastric Lesions in Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Edilane Rodrigues Dantas","family":"De Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-570 Natal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerlane Coelho Bernardo","family":"Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59072-970 Natal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3605-7247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daline Fernandes de Souza","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59200-000 Santa Cruz, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurigena Antunes","family":"De Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59072-970 Natal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00falia Morais","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-570 Natal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raimundo Fernandes","family":"De Ara\u00fajo J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Histology and Basic Pathology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59072-970 Natal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9264-4695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Val\u00e9ria Costa","family":"Da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59072-970 Natal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tha\u00eds Gomes","family":"De Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Histology and Basic Pathology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59072-970 Natal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8408-5886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leandro de Santis","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-570 Natal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvana Maria","family":"Zucolotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-570 Natal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1413","article-title":"Investigations on gastroprotective effect of citalopram, an antidepressant drug against stress and pyloric ligation induced ulcers","volume":"63","author":"Saxena","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.4291\/wjgp.v5.i1.40","article-title":"Quality of healing of gastric ulcers: Natural products beyond acid suppression","volume":"5","author":"Kangwan","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. 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