{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:42:09Z","timestamp":1790142129848,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,31]],"date-time":"2018-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31571443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31571443"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department","award":["20150101121JC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20150101121JC"]}]},{"name":"Health and Family Planning Commission of Jilin Province","award":["2014Z068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014Z068"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chemical injury is partly due to free radical lipid peroxidation, which can induce oxidative stress and produce a large number of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxaloacetic acid is an important intermediary in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) and participates in metabolism and energy production. In our study, we found that oxaloacetate (OA) effectively alleviated liver injury which was induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in vitro and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in vivo. OA scavenged ROS, prevented oxidative damage and maintained the normal structure of mitochondria. We further confirmed that OA increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by promoting the TCA production cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Finally, OA inhibited the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and apoptotic pathways by suppressing tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1). Our findings reveal a mechanism for OA ameliorating chemical liver injury and suggest a possible implementation for preventing the chemical liver injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19061626","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,31]],"date-time":"2018-05-31T03:07:42Z","timestamp":1527736062000},"page":"1626","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Oxaloacetate Ameliorates Chemical Liver Injury via Oxidative Stress Reduction and Enhancement of Bioenergetic Fluxes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Ye","family":"Kuang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyun","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxiang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5068-6085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"569","article-title":"Hepatoprotective effects of Gentianella turkestanerum extracts on acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in mice","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. 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