{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T09:17:01Z","timestamp":1777972621623,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,7]],"date-time":"2018-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1528329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31772058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31772058"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007847","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20160520127JH"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20160520127JH"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007847","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016T90260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016T90260"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2013M541309"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013M541309"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, a simple and specific graphene quantum dots (GQDs)-based fluorescent biosensor adopted for the determination of glucose based on the combination of the enzyme-coupled method and fluorescence quenching mechanism is demonstrated. Glucose was oxidized by the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx), forming hydrogen peroxide (H     2    O     2    ) via the catalysis by horseradish peroxidase (HRP). H     2    O     2    was then employed to oxidize phenol to quinone, which led to effective quenching effect in the GQDs\u2013GOx\u2013HRP\u2013phenol system. By optimizing the reaction conditions of the GQDs-enzyme system, a linear relationship between the concentration of glucose and the fluorescence intensity over a range of 0.2\u201310   \u03bc   mol\/L was obtained. The limit of detection for glucose is 0.08   \u03bc   mol\/L. The present biosensor for the determination of glucose showed satisfactory reproducibility and accuracy in human serum samples. Since the enzymes have high specificity and unique affinity to the certain substance, the enzyme-coupled system promises a sensitive way for further detection of those chemicals which could be oxidized by enzymes and generated H     2    O     2    or glucose. GQDs and other fluorescent materials coupled with several enzymes can be applied to extensive sensing field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19061696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,8]],"date-time":"2018-06-08T03:13:18Z","timestamp":1528427598000},"page":"1696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Graphene Quantum Dots and Enzyme-Coupled Biosensor for Highly Sensitive Determination of Hydrogen Peroxide and Glucose"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Bingdi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanjun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenning","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.29.04.06.dc05-1818","article-title":"Disorders of glucose metabolism in acute stroke patients: An underrecognized problem","volume":"29","author":"Matz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.24.7.1233","article-title":"Prevalence of clinical and isolated subclinical cardiovascular disease in older adults with glucose disorders-The Cardiovascular Health Study","volume":"24","author":"Barzilay","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.893","article-title":"Nanomedicine and its potential in diabetes research and practice","volume":"24","author":"Pickup","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. 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