{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:46:33Z","timestamp":1787237193611,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,29]],"date-time":"2018-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530230400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of the present study was to see if there is a correlation between the effect of interferons in crevicular fluid and periodontitis, evaluating literature. Interferon gamma (IFN-\u03b3) is an immunoregulatory cytokine that, when activated by its receptor, plays an important role in the activation of inflammatory processes, which are the basis of periodontal disease. Stem cells in the periodontal ligament, like stem cells from other tissues, have immunomodulatory capacity and are regulated by some cytokines such as interferon-\u03b3 (IFN-\u03b3). The study searched MEDLINE databases from 2008 to 2018. Clinical human in vitro and in vivo studies had reported a correlation between interferon and periodontitis. The initial search obtained 359 citations. After screening and determination of eligibility, nine articles were included in the review. Significant (p &lt; 0.05) increases in IFN-\u03b3 gene expression were observed in some studies in the chronic periodontitis group. In some cases it was suggested that molecular mechanisms underlie the possible roles of IFN-\u03b3 in the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. Neopterin belongs to the chemical group known as pteridines. It is synthesised by human macrophages upon stimulation with the interferon-gamma. Neopterin concentrations in body fluids are high in the case of infections, immune diseases or graft rejection. In the chronic periodontitis group, this marker is significantly higher. These studies underlined the clinical evidence between interferons in the crevicular fluid and inflammatory response of periodontitis. However, there is a lack of scientific evidence that could lead the clinician to an interferon-modulated therapy because of periodontitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19071908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,29]],"date-time":"2018-06-29T10:51:50Z","timestamp":1530269510000},"page":"1908","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Interferon Crevicular Fluid Profile and Correlation with Periodontal Disease and Wound Healing: A Systemic Review of Recent Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0335-4165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Fiorillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, Messina University, 98122 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4619-4691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriele","family":"Cervino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, Messina University, 98122 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan Scott","family":"Herford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Floriana","family":"Lauritano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, Messina University, 98122 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cesare","family":"D\u2019Amico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, Messina University, 98122 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3529-709X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Lo Giudice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, Messina University, 98122 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Laino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania, Luigi Vanvitelli, 80121 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5647-4414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Troiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2374-9853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore","family":"Crimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, 95124 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2311-9728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Cicci\u00f9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, Messina University, 98122 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2010.06.018","article-title":"Interferon gamma in the etiology of atherosclerosis and periodontitis","volume":"126","author":"Niedzielska","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thromb. 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