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A biocompatible, self-hardening biomaterial composed of silanized-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (Si-HPMC) hydrogel was used and dispersed in an oil continuous phase. Spherical particles with a mean diameter of 200 \u03bcm could be obtained in a reproducible manner. The viability of the encapsulated hASCs in the Si-HPMC particles was 70% after 14 days in vitro, confirming that the Si-HPMC particles supported the diffusion of nutrients, vitamins, and glucose essential for survival of the encapsulated hASCs. The combination of droplet millifluidics and biomaterials is therefore a very promising method for the development of new cellular microenvironments, with the potential for applications in biomedical engineering.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19071952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,3]],"date-time":"2018-07-03T11:12:58Z","timestamp":1530616378000},"page":"1952","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Application of Millifluidics to Encapsulate and Support Viable Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Polysaccharide Hydrogel"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Fabien","family":"Nativel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, ONIRIS, F-44042 Nantes, France"},{"name":"CHU Nantes, Pharmacie Centrale, PHU 11, F-44093 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Renard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INRA UR1268, Biopolym\u00e8res Interactions Assemblages, F-44300 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahd","family":"Hached","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, ONIRIS, F-44042 Nantes, France"},{"name":"UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Gabriel","family":"Pinta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, ONIRIS, F-44042 Nantes, France"},{"name":"CHU Nantes, Pharmacie Centrale, PHU 11, F-44093 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyril","family":"D\u2019Arros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, ONIRIS, F-44042 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, ONIRIS, F-44042 Nantes, France"},{"name":"CHU Nantes, PHU4 OTONN, F-44093 Nantes, France"},{"name":"UFR Odontologie, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, F-44042 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1816-1649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine","family":"Le Visage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, ONIRIS, F-44042 Nantes, France"},{"name":"UFR Odontologie, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, F-44042 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Guicheux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, ONIRIS, F-44042 Nantes, France"},{"name":"CHU Nantes, PHU4 OTONN, F-44093 Nantes, France"},{"name":"UFR Odontologie, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, F-44042 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lie","family":"Billon-Chabaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, ONIRIS, F-44042 Nantes, France"},{"name":"UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gael","family":"Grimandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, ONIRIS, F-44042 Nantes, France"},{"name":"CHU Nantes, Pharmacie Centrale, PHU 11, F-44093 Nantes, France"},{"name":"UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e31802c1ff2","article-title":"Extraosseous bone formation obtained by association of mesenchymal stem cells with a periosteal flap in the rat","volume":"59","author":"Perrot","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. 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