{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T06:11:23Z","timestamp":1780985483340,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000774","name":"Defense Threat Reduction Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CBM.RAD.01.10.AR.005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CBM.RAD.01.10.AR.005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000090","name":"Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH-15-C-0117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-15-C-0117"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000090","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Exposure to ionizing radiation induces a cascade of molecular events that ultimately impact endogenous metabolism. Qualitative and quantitative characterization of metabolomic profiles is a pragmatic approach to studying the risks of radiation exposure since it provides a phenotypic readout. Studies were conducted in irradiated nonhuman primates (NHP) to investigate metabolic changes in plasma and plasma-derived exosomes. Specifically, rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) were exposed to cobalt-60 gamma-radiation and plasma samples were collected prior to and after exposure to 5.8 Gy or 6.5 Gy radiation. Exosomes were isolated using ultracentrifugation and analyzed by untargeted profiling via ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) based metabolomic and lipidomic analyses, with the goal of identifying a molecular signature of irradiation. The enrichment of an exosomal fraction was confirmed using quantitative ELISA. Plasma profiling showed markers of dyslipidemia, inflammation and oxidative stress post-irradiation. Exosomal profiling, on the other hand, enabled detection and identification of low abundance metabolites that comprise exosomal cargo which would otherwise get obscured with plasma profiling. We discovered enrichment of different classes of metabolites including N-acyl-amino acids, Fatty Acid ester of Hydroxyl Fatty Acids (FAHFA\u2019s), glycolipids and triglycerides as compared to the plasma metabolome composition with implications in mediation of systemic response to radiation induced stress signaling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19113427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T11:31:47Z","timestamp":1541071907000},"page":"3427","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Plasma Derived Exosomal Biomarkers of Exposure to Ionizing Radiation in Nonhuman Primates"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4877-7583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amrita K.","family":"Cheema","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4669-4357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charles P.","family":"Hinzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khyati Y.","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Briana K.","family":"Hanlon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, USUHS, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"},{"name":"Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, USUHS, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, USUHS, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"},{"name":"Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, USUHS, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oluseyi O.","family":"Fatanmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, USUHS, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"},{"name":"Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, USUHS, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6631-3849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vijay K.","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, USUHS, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"},{"name":"Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, USUHS, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2007.12.021","article-title":"Medical response to a radiologic\/nuclear event: Integrated plan from the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, Department of Health and Human Services","volume":"53","author":"Coleman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1586\/14737159.2016.1121102","article-title":"Use of biomarkers for assessing radiation injury and efficacy of countermeasures","volume":"16","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Mol. 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