{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T11:32:28Z","timestamp":1781955148920,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,26]],"date-time":"2018-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP18H03182"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP18H03182"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP18K093250"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP18K093250"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The effects of the isoflavone daidzein on the ciliary beat distance (CBD, which is a parameter assessing the amplitude of ciliary beating) and the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) were examined in ciliated human nasal epithelial cells (cHNECs) in primary culture. Daidzein decreased [Cl\u2212]i and enhanced CBD in cHNECs. The CBD increase that was stimulated by daidzein was mimicked by Cl\u2212-free NO3\u2212 solution and bumetanide (an inhibitor of Na+\/K+\/2Cl\u2212 cotransport), both of which decreased [Cl\u2212]i. Moreover, the CBD increase was inhibited by 5-Nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid (NPPB, a Cl\u2212 channel blocker), which increased [Cl\u2212]i. CBF was also decreased by NPPB. The rate of [Cl\u2212]i decrease evoked by Cl\u2212-free NO3\u2212 solution was enhanced by daidzein. These results suggest that daidzein activates Cl\u2212 channels in cHNECs. Moreover, daidzein enhanced the microbead transport driven by beating cilia in the cell sheet of cHNECs, suggesting that an increase in CBD enhances ciliary transport. An [Cl\u2212]i decrease enhanced CBD, but not CBF, in cHNECs at 37 \u00b0C, although it enhanced both at 25 \u00b0C. Intracellular Cl\u2212 affects both CBD and CBF in a temperature-dependent manner. In conclusion, daidzein, which activates Cl\u2212 channels to decrease [Cl\u2212]i, stimulated CBD increase in cHNECs at 37 \u00b0C. CBD is a crucial factor that can increase ciliary transport in the airways under physiological conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19123754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,27]],"date-time":"2018-11-27T03:31:33Z","timestamp":1543289493000},"page":"3754","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Daidzein-Stimulated Increase in the Ciliary Beating Amplitude via an [Cl\u2212]i Decrease in Ciliated Human Nasal Epithelial Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Taka-aki","family":"Inui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Yasuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigeru","family":"Hirano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Ikeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruka","family":"Kogiso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshio","family":"Inui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Drug Discovery and Pharmaceutical Development Science, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan"},{"name":"Saisei Mirai Clinics, Moriguchi 570-0012, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Marunaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan"},{"name":"Research Center for Drug Discovery and Pharmaceutical Development Science, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan"},{"name":"Research Institute for Clinical Physiology, Kyoto Industrial Health Association, Kyoto 604-8472, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Nakahari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Drug Discovery and Pharmaceutical Development Science, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1652","article-title":"Cilia-related diseases","volume":"204","author":"Afzelius","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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