{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T01:54:36Z","timestamp":1791510876099,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,5]],"date-time":"2018-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Kupffer cells are professional phagocytes of the liver clearing bacteria from portal blood. Their clearance capacity, however, can be overwhelmed, transforming them into critical mediators of hepatic-injury. We investigated the consequences of selective Kupffer cell-overload by intraperitoneally administering pyrogen-free gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) or Zymosan into rats and into endotoxin-resistant mice (C3H\/HeJ). The number of myeloperoxidase-positive (MPO+) cells increased at 3 h mainly around the portal vessel after both GdCl3 and Zymosan treatment. Simultaneously, GdCl3 administration reduced detectability of ED-1+ (but not ED-2) cells near the portal vessel. Serum chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL-1), CXCL-2 and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL-2) showed a peak at 3 h after both treatment regimens although at a higher extent after Zymosan administration. Accordingly, CXCL-1, CXCL-5 and CCL-2 gene expression in the liver was up-regulated after GdCl3 treatment at 3 h. After Zymosan administration a significant up-regulation of CXCL-1, CXCL-2, CXCL-10, CCL-2, CCL-3 and CCL-20 gene expression in liver at 3 h was observed. After Zymosan administration intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) gene expression was up-regulated in rat liver tissue. In C3H\/HeJ mice both treatment regimens up-regulated CCL-2 and ICAM-1 gene expression after 3 h and down-regulated platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1) gene expression. In conclusion, phagocytosis overload of Kupffer cells causes induction of several CXC, CC-chemokines, upregulation of \u201cpositive\u201d adhesion molecule gene expression, down-regulation of the \u201cnegative\u201d adhesion molecule PECAM-1 and a recruitment of neutrophil granulocytes in the portal area of the liver of treated rats and mice mainly in close contact to the liver macrophages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19123891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,5]],"date-time":"2018-12-05T12:22:00Z","timestamp":1544012520000},"page":"3891","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Modulation of Chemokine- and Adhesion-Molecule Gene Expression and Recruitment of Neutrophil Granulocytes in Rat and Mouse Liver after a Single Gadolinium Chloride or Zymosan Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Shakil","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University Hospital, Georg-August University Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Hospital, Georg-August University Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuliano","family":"Ramadori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University Hospital, Georg-August University Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Moriconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University Hospital, Georg-August University Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany"},{"name":"GastroCentro, Via Trevano 38, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-011-0787-1","article-title":"Myeloperoxidase and elastase are only expressed by neutrophils in normal and in inflamed liver","volume":"135","author":"Amanzada","year":"2011","journal-title":"Histochem. 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