{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T16:42:01Z","timestamp":1792168921645,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":227,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,4]],"date-time":"2019-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001026","name":"National Breast Cancer Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ECF-17-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECF-17-002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is an aggressive molecular subtype that represents up to 15% of breast cancers. It occurs in younger patients, and typically shows rapid development of locoregional and distant metastasis, resulting in a relatively high mortality rate. Its defining features are that it is positive for basal cytokeratins and, epidermal growth factor receptor and\/or c-Kit. Problematically, it is typically negative for the estrogen receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which means that it is unsuitable for either hormone therapy or targeted HER2 therapy. As a result, there are few therapeutic options for BLBC, and a major priority is to define molecular subgroups of BLBC that could be targeted therapeutically. In this review, we focus on the highly proliferative and anti-apoptotic phenotype of BLBC with the goal of defining potential therapeutic avenues, which could take advantage of these aspects of tumor development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20030667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,5]],"date-time":"2019-02-05T11:31:07Z","timestamp":1549366267000},"page":"667","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["The Proliferative and Apoptotic Landscape of Basal-like Breast Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Sarah","family":"Alexandrou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 2010 Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra Marie","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 2010 Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher John","family":"Ormandy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 2010 Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"St. Vincent\u2019s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, 2052 Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8065-8838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elgene","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 2010 Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"St. Vincent\u2019s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, 2052 Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1838-2310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha Richelle","family":"Oakes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 2010 Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"St. Vincent\u2019s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, 2052 Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1392-3472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. Elizabeth","family":"Caldon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 2010 Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"St. Vincent\u2019s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, 2052 Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bray, F., Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., Siegel, R.L., Torre, L.A., and Jemal, A. (2018). Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J. 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