{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T18:27:46Z","timestamp":1790188066962,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,2]],"date-time":"2019-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI)","award":["#16K10847"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#16K10847"]}]},{"name":"the Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST)","award":["#JP18gm0610008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#JP18gm0610008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pericytes are mesenchymal cells that surround the endothelial cells of small vessels in various organs. These cells express several markers, such as NG2, CD146, and PDGFR\u03b2, and play an important role in the stabilization and maturation of blood vessels. It was also recently revealed that like mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), pericytes possess multilineage differentiation capacity, especially myogenic, adipogenic, and fibrogenic differentiation capacities. Although some previous studies have reported that pericytes also have osteogenic potential, the osteogenesis of pericytes can still be further elucidated. In the present study, we established novel methods for isolating and culturing primary murine pericytes. An immortalized pericyte line was also established. Multilineage induction of the pericyte line induced osteogenesis, adipogenesis, and chondrogenesis of the cells in vitro. In addition, pericytes that were injected into the fracture site of a bone fracture mouse model contributed to callus formation. Furthermore, in vivo pericyte-lineage-tracing studies demonstrated that endogenous pericytes also differentiate into osteoblasts and osteocytes and contribute to bone fracture healing as a cellular source of osteogenic cells. Pericytes can be a promising therapeutic candidate for treating bone fractures with a delayed union or nonunion as well as bone diseases causing bone defects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20051079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,4]],"date-time":"2019-03-04T05:45:36Z","timestamp":1551678336000},"page":"1079","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Pericytes as a Source of Osteogenic Cells in Bone Fracture Healing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Sopak","family":"Supakul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenta","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3960-7710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroki","family":"Ochi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohito","family":"Shimada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyoko","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoko","family":"Sunamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yo","family":"Mabuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miwa","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Tokyo 135-8550, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chihiro","family":"Akazawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0419-7547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuro","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Tokyo 135-8550, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Okawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Toranomon Hospital Endocrine Center, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6227-5910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shingo","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2009.06.003","article-title":"Incidence of traumatic long-bone fractures requiring in-hospital management: A prospective age- and gender-specific analysis of 4890 fractures","volume":"40","author":"Meling","year":"2009","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199506000-00016","article-title":"Enhancement of fracture-healing","volume":"77","author":"Einhorn","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. 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