{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T10:05:20Z","timestamp":1784887520850,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,30]],"date-time":"2019-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Doktor Robert Pfleger Stiftung Bamberg","award":["RDR\/chu"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RDR\/chu"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Blood sampling with different anticoagulants alters matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-) 9 expression, thus influencing its concentration and diagnostic validity. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effects of different anticoagulants on MMP-9 regulation. MMP-9 expression was assessed in response to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, citrate, and high-\/low-molecular-weight heparin (HMWH, LMWH) in co-culture experiments using THP-1, Jurkat, and HT cells (representing monocytes, T, and B cells). Triple and double cell line co-culture experiments revealed that HMWH treatment of THP-1 and Jurkat led to a significant MMP-9 induction, whereas other anticoagulants and cell type combinations had no effect. Supernatant of HMWH-treated Jurkat cells also induced MMP-9 in THP-1 suggesting monocytes as MMP-9 producers. HMWH-induced cytokine\/chemokine secretion was assessed in co-culture supernatant, and the influence of cytokines\/chemokines on MMP-9 production was analyzed. These experiments revealed that Jurkat-derived IL-16 and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-) 1 are able to induce MMP-9 and IL-8 production by THP-1. As a consequence, the increased MMP-9 expression found in HMWH blood samples may be influenced by HMWH-dependent secretion of IL-16 and sICAM-1 by T cells resulting in an increased production of MMP-9 and IL-8 by monocytes. IL-8, in turn, may support MMP-9 and its own expression in a positive autocrine feedback loop.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20071595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,2]],"date-time":"2019-04-02T03:21:26Z","timestamp":1554175286000},"page":"1595","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cellular and Molecular Effects of High-Molecular-Weight Heparin on Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Expression"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1041-9935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"Huber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rozan","family":"Attili\/Abedalkhader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"K\u00fcper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Central Pharmacy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Hauke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernadette","family":"L\u00fcns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Korbinian","family":"Brand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Weissenborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Lichtinghagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.5.1135","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases: Biologic activity and clinical implications","volume":"18","author":"Nelson","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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