{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T07:06:56Z","timestamp":1790492816099,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,30]],"date-time":"2019-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ewing Sarcoma (ES) is an aggressive paediatric tumour where oxidative stress and antioxidants play a central role in cancer therapy response. Inhibiting antioxidants expression, while at the same time elevating intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, have been proposed as a valid strategy to overcome ES cancer progression. Flavonoid intake can affect free radical and nutritional status in children receiving cancer treatment, but it is not clear if it can arrest cancer progression. In particular, apigenin may enhance the effect of cytotoxic chemotherapy by inducing cell growth arrest, apoptosis, and by altering the redox state of the cells. Little is known about the use of apigenin in paediatric cancer. Recently, \u03b23-adrenergic receptor (\u03b23-AR) antagonism has been proposed as a possible strategy in cancer therapy for its ability to induce apoptosis by increasing intracellular levels of ROS. In this study we show that apigenin induces cell death in ES cells by modulating apoptosis, but not increasing ROS content. Since ES cells are susceptible to an increased oxidative stress to reduce cell viability, here we demonstrate that administration of \u03b23-ARs antagonist, SR59230A, improves the apigenin effect on cell death, identifying \u03b23-AR as a potential discriminating factor that could address the use of apigenin in ES.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20092149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,2]],"date-time":"2019-05-02T03:15:22Z","timestamp":1556766922000},"page":"2149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["\u03b23-Adrenoreceptor Activity Limits Apigenin Efficacy in Ewing Sarcoma Cells: A Dual Approach to Prevent Cell Survival"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5148-5349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amada","family":"Pasha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Oncology\/Hematology, Meyer University Children\u2019s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7715-8207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina","family":"Vignoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Oncology\/Hematology, Meyer University Children\u2019s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Subbiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Oncology\/Hematology, Meyer University Children\u2019s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3342-702X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessio","family":"Nocentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical section, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy"},{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics &amp; QSAR, NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical section, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9568-354X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Selleri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical section, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9137-2509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"Gratteri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics &amp; QSAR, NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical section, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Dabraio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Oncology\/Hematology, Meyer University Children\u2019s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0087-5355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tommaso","family":"Casini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Oncology\/Hematology, Meyer University Children\u2019s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5310-9147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Filippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical Surgical Fetal-Neonatal Department, Meyer \u201cUniversity Children\u2019s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Fotzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Oncology\/Hematology, Meyer University Children\u2019s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Favre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Oncology\/Hematology, Meyer University Children\u2019s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0750-4706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maura","family":"Calvani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Oncology\/Hematology, Meyer University Children\u2019s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1097\/00001622-199807000-00010","article-title":"Ewing\u2019s Sarcoma and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors after their genetic union","volume":"10","author":"Kovar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Curr. 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