{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T22:47:25Z","timestamp":1786747645309,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]],"date-time":"2019-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS  KAKENHI","award":["24659426"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24659426"]}]},{"name":"Niigata Prefecture Grant\u2010in\u2010Aid for Minamata Disease research","award":["J15J0031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J15J0031"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Methylmercury (MeHg) causes severe damage to the central nervous system, and there is increasing evidence of the association between MeHg exposure and vascular dysfunction, hemorrhage, and edema in the brain, but not in other organs of patients with acute MeHg intoxication. These observations suggest that MeHg possibly causes blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) damage. MeHg penetrates the BBB into the brain parenchyma via active transport systems, mainly the l-type amino acid transporter 1, on endothelial cell membranes. Recently, exposure to mercury has significantly increased. Numerous reports suggest that long-term low-level MeHg exposure can impair endothelial function and increase the risks of cardiovascular disease. The most widely reported mechanism of MeHg toxicity is oxidative stress and related pathways, such as neuroinflammation. BBB dysfunction has been suggested by both in vitro and in vivo models of MeHg intoxication. Therapy targeted at both maintaining the BBB and suppressing oxidative stress may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for MeHg intoxication. This paper reviews studies on the relationship between MeHg exposure and vascular dysfunction, with a special emphasis on the BBB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20102435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]],"date-time":"2019-05-16T11:21:22Z","timestamp":1558005682000},"page":"2435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Vascular Dysfunction Induced by Mercury Exposure"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Nishiniigata Chuo Hospital, Niigata 950-2085, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takayoshi","family":"Shimohata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-016-1803-y","article-title":"Mechanisms involved in the transport of mercuric ions in target tissues","volume":"91","author":"Bridges","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. 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