{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T07:06:01Z","timestamp":1779347161493,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]],"date-time":"2019-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2014R1A5A2009392"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2014R1A5A2009392"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2016R1A6A3A11930324"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2016R1A6A3A11930324"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2016R1D1A1B03932278"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2016R1D1A1B03932278"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been implicated in contractility changes in bladders with partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO), but the role of AMPK in the contractile response of normal bladder remains unclear. We investigated the phosphorylation of AMPK\u03b1 and expression of the involved upstream AMPK kinases (AMPKKs) in a model of bladders with PBOO and sought to determine whether the pharmacological inhibition of these two factors affected detrusor contractility in normal bladders, using female Sprague\u2013Dawley rats. Cystometry and Western blot analysis were performed in rats that were subjected to PBOO induction or a sham operation. Cystometry was performed in normal rats that received selective inhibitors of AMPK\u03b1 and Ca2+\/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK\u03b2) (compound C and STO-609, respectively) at doses determined in the experiments. In the PBOO bladders, bladder weight and micturition pressure (MP) were higher and AMPK\u03b1 phosphorylation (T172) and CaMKK\u03b2 expression was significantly reduced. Compound C and STO-609 increased MP. The increased contractile response in bladders with PBOO-induced hypertrophy was related to decreased CaMKK\u03b2\/AMPK signaling activity, and the pharmacological inhibition of this pathway in normal bladders increased detrusor contractility, implying a role of CaMKK\u03b2\/AMPK signaling in the bladder in the regulation of detrusor contractility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20112650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]],"date-time":"2019-05-29T11:31:28Z","timestamp":1559129488000},"page":"2650","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["AMPK Alters Detrusor Contractility During Emptying in Normal Bladder and Hypertrophied Bladder with Partial Bladder Outlet Obstruction via CaMKK\u03b2"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7907-8059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo-Hwa","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Hypoxia-Related Disease Research Center, Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University Colloge of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Long-Hu","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8614-5742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Doo Yong","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tae Jin","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, Incheon 22711, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5235-8993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ju-Hee","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Hypoxia-Related Disease Research Center, Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University Colloge of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8508-9099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tack","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6519-2857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chang-Shin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Hypoxia-Related Disease Research Center, Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University Colloge of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(97)00215-0","article-title":"Shortening versus isometric contractions in isolated human failing and non-failing left ventricular myocardium: Dependency of external work and force on muscle length, heart rate and inotropic stimulation","volume":"37","author":"Holubarsch","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. 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