{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T12:01:12Z","timestamp":1792670472407,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,2]],"date-time":"2019-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2012\/07\/E\/NZ3\/01819"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012\/07\/E\/NZ3\/01819"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The repair of damaged articular cartilage using currently available implantation techniques is not sufficient for the full recovery of patients. Pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-based therapies could bring new perspectives in the treatment of joint diseases. A number of protocols of in vitro differentiation of iPSC in chondrocytes for regenerative purposes have been recently described. However, in order to use these cells in clinics, the elimination of animal serum and feeder cells is essential. In our study, a strictly defined and controllable protocol was designed for the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (BG01V, ND 41658*H, GPCCi001-A) in chondrocyte-like cells in serum- and a feeder cell-free system, using the embryoid bodies step. The extension of the protocol and culture conditions (monolayer versus 3D culture) was also tested after the initial 21 days of chondrogenic differentiation. Promotion of the chondrogenic differentiation in 3D culture via the elevated expression of genes related to chondrogenesis was achieved. Using immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry staining techniques, the increased deposition of the specific extracellular matrix was indicated. As a result, chondrocyte-like cells in the early stages of their differentiation using pellet culture under fully controlled and defined conditions were obtained.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20112711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]],"date-time":"2019-06-03T02:08:40Z","timestamp":1559527720000},"page":"2711","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Chondrogenic Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells under Controllable Serum-Free Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3615-3768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142 Stefan","family":"Lach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiobiology Lab, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Garbary 15 Street, 61-866 Poznan, Poland"},{"name":"The Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Ksi\u0119cia Trojdena 2a Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Electroradiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Garbary 15 Street, 61-866 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0544-321X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Wroblewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Garbary 15 Street, 61-866 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8400-249X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Kulcenty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiobiology Lab, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Garbary 15 Street, 61-866 Poznan, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Electroradiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Garbary 15 Street, 61-866 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Richter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 28 Czerwca 1956r 135\/147 Street, 61-544 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Trzeciak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 28 Czerwca 1956r 135\/147 Street, 61-544 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wiktoria Maria","family":"Suchorska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiobiology Lab, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Garbary 15 Street, 61-866 Poznan, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Electroradiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Garbary 15 Street, 61-866 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3109\/07388551.2013.823596","article-title":"Clinical translation of stem cells: Insight for cartilage therapies","volume":"8551","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit. 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