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In this study, we first introduce the general modes of DNA compaction, especially the role of the nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs) that structure the bacterial chromosome. We then present the mitochondrial nucleoid and the main factors responsible for packaging of mtDNA: ARS- (autonomously replicating sequence-) binding factor 2 protein (Abf2p) in yeast and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) in mammals. We summarize the single-molecule manipulation experiments on mtDNA compaction and visualization of mitochondrial nucleoids that have led to our current knowledge on mtDNA compaction. Lastly, we discuss the possible regulatory role of DNA packaging by TFAM in DNA transactions such as mtDNA replication and transcription.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20112770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,6]],"date-time":"2019-06-06T03:38:01Z","timestamp":1559792281000},"page":"2770","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":121,"title":["Organization of DNA in Mammalian Mitochondria"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1054-4274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00e9raldine","family":"Farge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique\/Institut National de Physique Nucl\u00e9aire et des Particules, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont, Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, 63178 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Falkenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7400090","article-title":"The yeast coexpression network has a small-world, scale-free architecture and can be explained by a simple model","volume":"5","author":"Snel","year":"2004","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05283","article-title":"Bacterial chromatin organization by H-NS protein unravelled using dual DNA manipulation","volume":"444","author":"Dame","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2261","article-title":"Bacterial nucleoid-associated proteins, nucleoid structure and gene expression","volume":"8","author":"Dillon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. 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