{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T15:20:59Z","timestamp":1776784859360,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31873031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31873031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017YFD0502200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFD0502200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a widely applied traditional Chinese medicine ingredient which can be used for the treatment of osteoporosis. In this experiment, we investigated the potential therapeutic effect of chlorogenic acid on thiram-induced tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) and explored the underlying mechanisms that have been rarely mentioned by others yet. Performance indicator analysis and tibial parameter analysis showed that CGA exhibited a definite positive effect on thiram-induced TD chickens. In order to further explore the mechanisms underlying the positive actions of CGA, apoptotic, autophagic genes and MMPs involved in matrix mineralization of growth plate were evaluated in this study. The results showed that CGA decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic genes caspases-3 and caspases-9, leading to the reduction of apoptotic cells accumulated in growth plate. In addition, CGA also increased the level of BECN1, an important gene involved in autophagy, which benefits the survival of abnormal cells. Furthermore, CGA also increased the expression of MMP-9, MMP-10, and MMP-13, which can directly affect the ossification of bones. Altogether, these results demonstrate that CGA possesses a positive therapeutic effect on thiram-induced TD via modulating the expression of caspases and BECN1 and regulating the degradation of ECM (extracellular matrix).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20133160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T11:20:26Z","timestamp":1561720826000},"page":"3160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Chlorogenic Acid Alleviates Thiram-Induced Tibial Dyschondroplasia by Modulating Caspases, BECN1 Expression and ECM Degradation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Jialu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shucheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaole","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lihong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khalid","family":"Mehmood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"},{"name":"University College of Veterinary &amp; Animal Sciences, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6065-6648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiakui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a008334","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a008334","article-title":"Development of the endochondral skeleton","volume":"5","author":"Fanxin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. 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