{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T03:26:51Z","timestamp":1782962811125,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,11]],"date-time":"2019-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Centre (Poland)","award":["2012\/07\/B\/ST6\/01537"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012\/07\/B\/ST6\/01537"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010438","name":"Poznan University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["502-01-22283690-08800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["502-01-22283690-08800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010438","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common vascular disease and is associated with high mortality, the full pathogenesis of AAA remains unknown to researchers. Abdominal aortic aneurysms and atherosclerosis are strongly related. Currently, it is more often suggested that development of AAA is not a result of atherosclerosis, however, individual factors can act independently or synergistically with atherosclerosis. One of such factors is low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and its oxidized form (oxLDL). It is known that oxLDL plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, thus, we decided to examine oxLDL impact on the development of AAA by creating two models using Petri-nets. The first, full model, contains subprocess of LDL oxidation and all subprocesses in which it participates, while the second, reduced model, does not contain them. The analysis of such models can be based on t-invariants. They correspond to subprocesses which do not change the state of the modeled system. Moreover, the knockout analysis has been used to estimate how crucial a selected transition (representing elementary subprocess) is, based on the number of excluded subprocesses as a result of its knockout. The results of the analysis of our models show that oxLDL affects 55.84% of subprocesses related to AAA development, but the analysis of the nets based on knockouts and simulation has shown that the influence of oxLDL on enlargement and rupture of AAA is negligible.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20163909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]],"date-time":"2019-08-12T06:38:02Z","timestamp":1565591882000},"page":"3909","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Systems Approach to Study Associations between OxLDL and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5369-366X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Gutowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8, 60-806 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5733-8809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaja","family":"Gutowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Computing Science, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 2, 60-965 Poznan, Poland"},{"name":"Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12\/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1221-4738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Pioru\u0144ska-Stolzmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8, 60-806 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2719-3677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Formanowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Computing Science, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 2, 60-965 Poznan, Poland"},{"name":"Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12\/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6691-3863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorota","family":"Formanowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8, 60-806 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.028433","article-title":"Aortic Wall Inflammation Predicts Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Expansion, Rupture, and Need for Surgical Repair","volume":"136","author":"Newby","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2017.01.008","article-title":"Abdominal aortic aneurysm-an independent disease to atherosclerosis?","volume":"27","author":"Toghill","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. 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