{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:34:13Z","timestamp":1790789653727,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]],"date-time":"2019-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001602","name":"Science Foundation Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13\/RC\/2073 and 16\/RI\/3745"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13\/RC\/2073 and 16\/RI\/3745"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001602","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Autophagy (particularly macroautophagy) is a bulk degradation process used by eukaryotic cells in order to maintain adequate energy levels and cellular homeostasis through the delivery of long-lived proteins and organelles to the lysosome, resulting in their degradation. It is becoming increasingly clear that many of the molecular requirements to fulfil autophagy intersect with those of conventional and unconventional membrane trafficking pathways. Of particular interest is the dependence of these processes on multiple members of the Rab family of small GTP binding proteins. Rab33b is a protein that localises to the Golgi apparatus and has suggested functions in both membrane trafficking and autophagic processes. Interestingly, mutations in the RAB33B gene have been reported to cause the severe skeletal disorder, Smith\u2013McCort Dysplasia; however, the molecular basis for Rab33b in this disorder remains to be determined. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge of the participation of Rab33b and its interacting partners in membrane trafficking and macroautophagy, and speculate on how its function, and dysfunction, may contribute to human disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20163916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]],"date-time":"2019-08-12T06:38:02Z","timestamp":1565591882000},"page":"3916","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Multitasking Rab Proteins in Autophagy and Membrane Trafficking: A Focus on Rab33b"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Niamh E.","family":"Morgan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology and Environmental Science &amp; Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin (UCD), D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meritxell B.","family":"Cutrona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology and Environmental Science &amp; Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin (UCD), D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7956-7805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy C.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology and Environmental Science &amp; Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin (UCD), D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-3804-9_1","article-title":"ER to Golgi-Dependent Protein Secretion: The Conventional Pathway","volume":"1459","author":"Viotti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2617","article-title":"Mechanisms of Regulated Unconventional Protein Secretion","volume":"10","author":"Nickel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2015.04.016","article-title":"Secretory Autophagy. Curr","volume":"35","author":"Ponpuak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Opin. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2016.11.007","article-title":"Pathways of Unconventional Protein Secretion","volume":"27","author":"Rabouille","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e16-10-0737","article-title":"Rab GTPases: Master Regulators That Establish the Secretory and Endocytic Pathways","volume":"28","author":"Pfeffer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2728","article-title":"Rab GTPases as Coordinators of Vesicle Traffic","volume":"10","author":"Stenmark","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.01660","article-title":"The Ras Superfamily at a Glance","volume":"118","author":"Wennerberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.2001.5072","article-title":"Evolution of the Rab Family of Small GTP-Binding Proteins","volume":"313","author":"Seabra","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(03)01079-1","article-title":"The Mechanisms of Vesicle Budding and Fusion","volume":"116","author":"Bonifacino","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21836","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.466888","article-title":"Rab Family Proteins Regulate the Endosomal Trafficking and Function of RGS4","volume":"288","author":"Bastin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"99","article-title":"The Early Endosome: A Busy Sorting Station for Proteins at the Crossroads","volume":"25","author":"Jovic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Histol. Histopathol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2013.187","article-title":"Regulation of Autophagy by the Rab GTPase Network","volume":"21","author":"Ao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.10.026","article-title":"Autophagy: Renovation of Cells and Tissues","volume":"147","author":"Mizushima","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2708","article-title":"Dynamics and Diversity in Autophagy Mechanisms: Lessons from Yeast","volume":"10","author":"Nakatogawa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3696","article-title":"The Autophagosome: Origins Unknown, Biogenesis Complex","volume":"14","author":"Lamb","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-060815-014556","article-title":"Mammalian Autophagy: How Does It Work?","volume":"85","author":"Bento","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.123075","article-title":"The Role of Membrane-Trafficking Small GTPases in the Regulation of Autophagy","volume":"126","author":"Bento","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2013.166","article-title":"Autophagy Regulation by Nutrient Signaling","volume":"24","author":"Russell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2017.02.016","article-title":"Cleaning House: Selective Autophagy of Organelles","volume":"41","author":"Anding","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00935","article-title":"Autophagy and Its Interaction with Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens","volume":"9","author":"Travassos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2641","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms16022641","article-title":"Autophagy in DNA Damage Response","volume":"16","author":"Czarny","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1956","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2015.1091141","article-title":"ER Stress: Autophagy Induction, Inhibition and Selection","volume":"11","author":"Rashid","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.03.017","article-title":"MTOR Signaling in Growth Control and Disease","volume":"149","author":"Laplante","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1042\/EBC20170021","article-title":"The Mammalian ULK1 Complex and Autophagy Initiation","volume":"61","author":"Zachari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Essays Biochem."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200803137","article-title":"Autophagosome Formation from Membrane Compartments Enriched in Phosphatidylinositol 3-Phosphate and Dynamically Connected to the Endoplasmic Reticulum","volume":"182","author":"Axe","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5720","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/19.21.5720","article-title":"LC3, a Mammalian Homologue of Yeast Apg8p, Is Localized in Autophagosome Membranes after Processing","volume":"19","author":"Kabeya","year":"2000","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e07-12-1257","article-title":"The Atg16L Complex Specifies the Site of LC3 Lipidation for Membrane Biogenesis in Autophagy","volume":"19","author":"Fujita","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37298","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C700195200","article-title":"The Atg12-Atg5 Conjugate Has a Novel E3-like Activity for Protein Lipidation in Autophagy","volume":"282","author":"Hanada","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Origin of the Autophagosome Membrane in Mammals","volume":"2018","author":"Wei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09204","article-title":"Network Organization of the Human Autophagy System","volume":"466","author":"Behrends","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00030.2009","article-title":"Regulation of Mammalian Autophagy in Physiology and Pathophysiology","volume":"90","author":"Ravikumar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0854.2010.01086.x","article-title":"Autophagosome Formation Depends on the Small GTPase Rab1 and Functional ER Exit Sites","volume":"11","author":"Zoppino","year":"2010","journal-title":"Traffic"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201003122","article-title":"\u03b1-Synuclein Impairs Macroautophagy: Implications for Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"190","author":"Winslow","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.395087","article-title":"Phosphatidylinositol 3-Phosphatase Myotubularin-Related Protein 6 (MTMR6) Is Regulated by Small GTPase Rab1B in the Early Secretory and Autophagic Pathways","volume":"288","author":"Mochizuki","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.201694401","article-title":"The C9orf72 Protein Interacts with Rab1a and the ULK1 Complex to Regulate Initiation of Autophagy","volume":"35","author":"Webster","year":"2016","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.4161\/15548627.2014.994359","article-title":"RAB3GAP1 and RAB3GAP2 Modulate Basal and Rapamycin-Induced Autophagy","volume":"10","author":"Spang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Talaber, G., Miklossy, G., Oaks, Z., Liu, Y., Tooze, S.A., Chudakov, D.M., Banki, K., and Perl, A. (2014). HRES-1\/Rab4 Promotes the Formation of LC3+ Autophagosomes and the Accumulation of Mitochondria during Autophagy. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0084392"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.025726","article-title":"Rab5 Modulates Aggregation and Toxicity of Mutant Huntingtin through Macroautophagy in Cell and Fly Models of Huntington Disease","volume":"121","author":"Ravikumar","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20913","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.334060","article-title":"Rab5 Proteins Regulate Activation and Localization of Target of Rapamycin Complex 1","volume":"287","author":"Bridges","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2013.01.022","article-title":"Class IA PI3K P110\u03b2 Subunit Promotes Autophagy through Rab5 Small GTPase in Response to Growth Factor Limitation","volume":"50","author":"Dou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16538","article-title":"Discovery of Atg5\/Atg7-Independent Alternative Macroautophagy","volume":"533","author":"Nishida","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201111079","article-title":"TBC1D14 Regulates Autophagosome Formation via Rab11- and ULK1-Positive Recycling Endosomes","volume":"197","author":"Longatti","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2018.03.008","article-title":"The RAB11A-Positive Compartment Is a Primary Platform for Autophagosome Assembly Mediated by WIPI2 Recognition of PI3P-RAB11A","volume":"45","author":"Puri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1038\/embor.2013.32","article-title":"Rab12 Regulates MTORC1 Activity and Autophagy through Controlling the Degradation of Amino-Acid Transporter PAT4","volume":"14","author":"Matsui","year":"2013","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0854.2011.01240.x","article-title":"Small GTPase Rab12 Regulates Constitutive Degradation of Transferrin Receptor","volume":"12","author":"Matsui","year":"2011","journal-title":"Traffic"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2017.01.003","article-title":"Up-Regulation of the Active Form of Small GTPase Rab13 Promotes Macroautophagy in Vascular Endothelial Cells","volume":"1864","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.175224","article-title":"Coordination of Autophagosome\u2013lysosome Fusion and Transport by a Klp98A\u2013Rab14 Complex in Drosophila","volume":"129","author":"Mauvezin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e05597","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.05597","article-title":"The GTPase Rab26 Links Synaptic Vesicles to the Autophagy Pathway","volume":"4","author":"Binotti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2913","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-009-0080-9","article-title":"A Small GTPase, Human Rab32, Is Required for the Formation of Autophagic Vacuoles under Basal Conditions","volume":"66","author":"Hirota","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2916","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e07-12-1231","article-title":"Golgi-Resident Small GTPase Rab33B Interacts with Atg16L and Modulates Autophagosome Formation","volume":"19","author":"Itoh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seto, S., Sugaya, K., Tsujimura, K., Nagata, T., Horii, T., and Koide, Y. (2013). Rab39a Interacts with Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase and Negatively Regulates Autophagy Induced by Lipopolysaccharide Stimulation in Macrophages. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0083324"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fujita, N., Huang, W., Lin, T.H., Groulx, J.F., Jean, S., Nguyen, J., Kuchitsu, Y., Koyama-Honda, I., Mizushima, N., and Fukuda, M. (2017). Genetic Screen in Drosophila Muscle Identifies Autophagy-Mediated T-Tubule Remodeling and a Rab2 Role in Autophagy. Elife.","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.23367.038"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4837","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.01370","article-title":"Role for Rab7 in Maturation of Late Autophagic Vacuoles","volume":"117","author":"Jager","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1740","article-title":"Beclin1-Binding UVRAG Targets the Class C Vps Complex to Coordinate Autophagosome Maturation and Endocytic Trafficking","volume":"10","author":"Liang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200907015","article-title":"FYCO1 Is a Rab7 Effector That Binds to LC3 and PI3P to Mediate Microtubule plus End-Directed Vesicle Transport","volume":"188","author":"Pankiv","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4162","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e10-06-0495","article-title":"Rubicon and PLEKHM1 Negatively Regulate the Endocytic\/Autophagic Pathway via a Novel Rab7-Binding Domain","volume":"21","author":"Tabata","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09076","article-title":"Termination of Autophagy and Reformation of Lysosomes Regulated by MTOR","volume":"465","author":"Yu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0854.2007.00677.x","article-title":"Induction of Autophagy Promotes Fusion of Multivesicular Bodies with Autophagic Vacuoles in K562 Cells","volume":"9","author":"Fader","year":"2008","journal-title":"Traffic"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e13-10-0574","article-title":"Rab11 Facilitates Cross-Talk between Autophagy and Endosomal Pathway through Regulation of Hook Localization","volume":"25","author":"Szatmari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201439464","article-title":"Starvation-Induced MTMR13 and RAB21 Activity Regulates VAMP8 to Promote Autophagosome-Lysosome Fusion","volume":"16","author":"Jean","year":"2015","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0854.2002.30704.x","article-title":"Induction of Autophagy Causes Dramatic Changes in the Subcellular Distribution of GFP-Rab24","volume":"3","author":"Colombo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Traffic"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2009.03.028","article-title":"The Drs Tumor Suppressor Is Involved in the Maturation Process of Autophagy Induced by Low Serum","volume":"283","author":"Tambe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2015.1086522","article-title":"RAB24 Facilitates Clearance of Autophagic Compartments during Basal Conditions","volume":"11","author":"Mikkonen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1111\/tra.12431","article-title":"Rab24 Interacts with the Rab7\/Rab Interacting Lysosomal Protein Complex to Regulate Endosomal Degradation","volume":"17","author":"Amaya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Traffic"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201008107","article-title":"OATL1, a Novel Autophagosome-Resident Rab33B-GAP, Regulates Autophagosomal Maturation","volume":"192","author":"Itoh","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2008.168","article-title":"Autophagy and Multivesicular Bodies: Two Closely Related Partners","volume":"16","author":"Fader","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ding, X., Jiang, X., Tian, R., Zhao, P., Li, L., Wang, X., Chen, S., Zhu, Y., Mei, M., and Bao, S. (2019). RAB2 Regulates the Formation of Autophagosome and Autolysosome in Mammalian Cells. Autophagy, 1\u201313.","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2019.1596478"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.111.8.1061","article-title":"A Novel Rab GTPase, Rab33B, Is Ubiquitously Expressed and Localized to the Medial Golgi Cisternae","volume":"111","author":"Zheng","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-4781(97)00022-5","article-title":"Structure and Expression of the Mouse S10 Gene","volume":"1351","author":"Zheng","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochim. Et Biophys. Acta Gene Struct. Expr."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700386","article-title":"Rab33A: Characterization, Expression, and Suppression by Epigenetic Modification","volume":"126","author":"Cheng","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(93)80957-V","article-title":"Molecular Cloning of a CDNA Encoding a Novel Small GTP-Binding Protein","volume":"328","author":"Koda","year":"1993","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12712","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0989-12.2012","article-title":"Rab33a Mediates Anterograde Vesicular Transport for Membrane Exocytosis and Axon Outgrowth","volume":"32","author":"Nakazawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_73","first-page":"4780","article-title":"A Complete Rab Screening Reveals Novel Insights in Weibel-Palade Body Exocytosis","volume":"125","author":"Zografou","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.04.022","article-title":"The Small GTPase Rab33A Participates in Regulation of Amylase Release from Parotid Acinar Cells. Biochem","volume":"461","author":"Imai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2586","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e04-10-0861","article-title":"Cisternal Rab Proteins Regulate Golgi Apparatus Redistribution in Response to Hypotonic Stress","volume":"16","author":"Jiang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(01)02993-3","article-title":"Identification of Rabaptin-5, Rabex-5, and GM130 as Putative Effectors of Rab33b, a Regulator of Retrograde Traffic between the Golgi Apparatus and ER","volume":"508","author":"Valsdottir","year":"2001","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/0955-0674(91)90027-V","article-title":"Recycling of Proteins between the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi Complex","volume":"3","author":"Pelham","year":"1991","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20140178","article-title":"The Trials and Tubule-Ations of Rab6 Involvement in Golgi-to-ER Retrograde Transport","volume":"42","author":"Heffernan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0854.2010.01051.x","article-title":"Rab33b and Rab6 Are Functionally Overlapping Regulators of Golgi Homeostasis and Trafficking","volume":"11","author":"Starr","year":"2010","journal-title":"Traffic"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4093","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-012-1021-6","article-title":"Are Rab Proteins the Link between Golgi Organization and Membrane Trafficking?","volume":"69","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42129","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.414565","article-title":"Ric1-Rgp1 Complex Is a Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor for the Late Golgi Rab6A GTPase and an Effector of the Medial Golgi Rab33B GTPase","volume":"287","author":"Pusapati","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.06.043","article-title":"The BioPlex Network: A Systematic Exploration of the Human Interactome","volume":"162","author":"Huttlin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22366","article-title":"Architecture of the Human Interactome Defines Protein Communities and Disease Networks","volume":"545","author":"Huttlin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.21.1.75","article-title":"RAB3 AND SYNAPTOTAGMIN: The Yin and Yang of Synaptic Membrane Fusion","volume":"21","author":"Geppert","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9092","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.20.23.9092-9101.2000","article-title":"Evidence of Rab3A Expression, Regulation of Vesicle Trafficking, and Cellular Secretion in Response to Heregulin in Mammary Epithelial Cells","volume":"20","author":"Vadlamudi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2057","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1121173109","article-title":"Rab27 and Rab3 Sequentially Regulate Human Sperm Dense-Core Granule Exocytosis","volume":"109","author":"Bustos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.115.1.31","article-title":"Rab1b Regulates Vesicular Transport between the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Successive Golgi Compartments","volume":"115","author":"Plutner","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3757","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201601052R","article-title":"Small GTPase Rab1B Is Associated with ATG9A Vesicles and Regulates Autophagosome Formation","volume":"31","author":"Kakuta","year":"2017","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18670","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms140918670","article-title":"Human Diseases Associated with Form and Function of the Golgi Complex","volume":"14","author":"Bexiga","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.152.4.657","article-title":"Dissection of Autophagosome Formation Using Apg5-Deficient Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells","volume":"152","author":"Mizushima","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33889","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.51.33889","article-title":"A New Protein Conjugation System in Human: The Counterpart of the Yeast Apg12p Conjugation System Essential for Autophagy","volume":"273","author":"Mizushima","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.00381","article-title":"Mouse Apg16L, a Novel WD-Repeat Protein, Targets to the Autophagic Isolation Membrane with the Apg12-Apg5 Conjugate","volume":"116","author":"Mizushima","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28865","DOI":"10.1038\/srep28865","article-title":"A Systematic High-Content Screening Microscopy Approach Reveals Key Roles for Rab33b, OATL1 and Myo6 in Nanoparticle Trafficking in HeLa Cells","volume":"6","author":"Panarella","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"PR415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.03.011","article-title":"Stenmark, H. Protein Secretion: Unconventional Exit by Exophagy","volume":"20","author":"Abrahamsen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3193","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e12-01-0010","article-title":"Atg16L1, an Essential Factor for Canonical Autophagy, Participates in Hormone Secretion from PC12 Cells Independently of Autophagic Activity","volume":"23","author":"Ishibashi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12398","article-title":"Rab33B and Its Autophagic Atg5\/12\/16L1 Effector Assist in Hepatitis B Virus Naked Capsid Formation and Release","volume":"17","author":"Prange","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3025","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.03072","article-title":"The Multiple Personalities of Alix","volume":"119","author":"Odorizzi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet-2011-100666","article-title":"Mutation in RAB33B, Which Encodes a Regulator of Retrograde Golgi Transport, Defines a Second Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen Locus","volume":"49","author":"Alshammari","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.22235","article-title":"A Novel RAB33B Mutation in Smith-McCort Dysplasia","volume":"34","author":"Dupuis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum. Mutat."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.38064","article-title":"Additional Three Patients with Smith-McCort Dysplasia Due to Novel RAB33B Mutations","volume":"17","author":"Salian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet. Part A"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19971003)72:1<11::AID-AJMG3>3.0.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen Syndrome without Mental Retardation (Smith-McCort Dysplasia): Morphological Findings in the Growth Plate of the Iliac Crest","volume":"72","author":"Nakamura","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.6.15.4511","article-title":"Autophagy and Human Disease","volume":"24","author":"Huang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2018.03.005","article-title":"The Golgi Complex in Disease and Therapy","volume":"50","author":"Zappa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"jcs213686","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.213686","article-title":"Unconventional Protein Secretion\u2013New Insights into the Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Targets of Human Diseases","volume":"131","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/20\/16\/3916\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:10:27Z","timestamp":1760188227000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/20\/16\/3916"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]]},"references-count":104,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms20163916"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms20163916","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]]}}}