{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T20:26:25Z","timestamp":1777580785958,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":167,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,14]],"date-time":"2019-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL062147"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL062147"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mice bearing targeted gene mutations that affect the functions of natriuretic peptides (NPs) and natriuretic peptide receptors (NPRs) have contributed important information on the pathogenesis of hypertension, kidney disease, and cardiovascular dysfunction. Studies of mice having both complete gene disruption and tissue-specific gene ablation have contributed to our understanding of hypertension and cardiovascular disorders. These phenomena are consistent with an oligogenic inheritance in which interactions among a few alleles may account for genetic susceptibility to hypertension, renal insufficiency, and congestive heart failure. In addition to gene knockouts conferring increased risks of hypertension, kidney disorders, and cardiovascular dysfunction, studies of gene duplications have identified mutations that protect against high blood pressure and cardiovascular events, thus generating the notion that certain alleles can confer resistance to hypertension and heart disease. This review focuses on the intriguing phenotypes of Npr1 gene disruption and gene duplication in mice, with emphasis on hypertension and cardiovascular events using mouse models carrying Npr1 gene knockout and\/or gene duplication. It also describes how Npr1 gene targeting in mice has contributed to our knowledge of the roles of NPs and NPRs in dose-dependently regulating hypertension and cardiovascular events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20163946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,14]],"date-time":"2019-08-14T03:59:26Z","timestamp":1565755166000},"page":"3946","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Genetic Ablation and Guanylyl Cyclase\/Natriuretic Peptide Receptor-A: Impact on the Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Kailash N.","family":"Pandey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(81)90370-2","article-title":"A rapid and potent natriuretic response to intravenous injection of atrial myocardial extract in rats","volume":"28","author":"Borenstein","year":"1981","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2932797","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic factor: A hormone produced by the heart","volume":"230","year":"1985","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-15-2-135","article-title":"The family of guanylyl cyclase receptors and their ligands","volume":"15","author":"Drewett","year":"1994","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1990.70.3.665","article-title":"Diverse biological actions of atrial natriuretic peptide","volume":"70","author":"Brenner","year":"1990","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2005.10.007","article-title":"The endocrine function of the heart","volume":"16","author":"McGrath","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2004.09.024","article-title":"Biology of natriuretic peptides and their receptors","volume":"26","author":"Pandey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jash.2008.02.001","article-title":"Emerging Roles of Natriuretic Peptides and their Receptors in Pathophysiology of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Regulation","volume":"2","author":"Pandey","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Hypertens"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1139\/y01-038","article-title":"The physiological and pathophysiological modulation of the endocrine function of the heart","volume":"79","author":"Ma","year":"2001","journal-title":"Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00083.2018","article-title":"Molecular and genetic aspects of guanylyl cyclase natriuretic peptide receptor-A in regulation of blood pressure and renal function","volume":"50","author":"Pandey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol. Genom."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2011.08081.x","article-title":"The functional genomics of guanylyl cyclase\/natriuretic peptide receptor-A: Perspectives and paradigms","volume":"278","author":"Pandey","year":"2011","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2004.08.028","article-title":"Molecular regulation of the brain natriuretic peptide gene","volume":"26","author":"LaPointe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2004.08.027","article-title":"C-type natriuretic peptide and guanylyl cyclase B receptor","volume":"26","author":"Schulz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.60.070191.001305","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic factor and related peptide hormones","volume":"60","author":"Rosenzweig","year":"1991","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(89)92268-7","article-title":"Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA encoding a precursor for rat brain natriuretic peptide","volume":"159","author":"Kojima","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.71.1.34","article-title":"Phenotype-related alteration in expression of natriuretic peptide receptors in aortic smooth muscle cells","volume":"71","author":"Suga","year":"1992","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"2581","article-title":"Conservation of the kinaselike regulatory domain is essential for activation of the natriuretic peptide receptor guanylyl cyclases","volume":"12","author":"Koller","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199807303390507","article-title":"Natriuretic peptides","volume":"339","author":"Levin","year":"1998","journal-title":"NEJM"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F665","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.2001.281.4.F665","article-title":"Genetic disruption of atrial natriuretic peptide receptor-A alters renin and angiotensin II levels","volume":"281","author":"Shi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F121","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00478.2006","article-title":"Guanylyl cyclase\/natriuretic peptide receptor-A gene disruption causes increased adrenal angiotensin II and aldosterone levels","volume":"293","author":"Zhao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2006.06.006","article-title":"Membrane guanylyl cyclase receptors: An update","volume":"17","author":"Garbers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-2760(03)00113-9","article-title":"Natriuretic peptides: Markers or modulators of cardiac hypertrophy?","volume":"14","author":"Gardner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.106.069153","article-title":"Natriuretic peptides: Update on Peptide release, bioactivity, and clinical use","volume":"50","author":"Richards","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"1087","article-title":"The role of atrial natriuretic peptide in the immune system","volume":"26","author":"Vollmer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.10.1252","article-title":"Plasma natriuretic peptides for community screening for left ventricular hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction: The Framingham heart study","volume":"288","author":"Vasan","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12342","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)38352-8","article-title":"Molecular cloning and expression of murine guanylate cyclase\/atrial natriuretic factor receptor cDNA","volume":"265","author":"Pandey","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90513-8","article-title":"The primary structure of a plasma membrane guanylate cyclase demonstrates diversity within this new receptor family","volume":"58","author":"Schulz","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"375","article-title":"Guanylyl cyclases and signaling by cyclic GMP","volume":"52","author":"Lucas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014260204524","article-title":"Biochemistry and physiology of the natriuretic peptide receptor guanylyl cyclases","volume":"230","author":"Tremblay","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.86.4.1081","article-title":"Molecular biology of the natriuretic peptides and their receptors","volume":"86","author":"Koller","year":"1992","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90258-E","article-title":"Guanylyl cyclase receptors and their endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine ligands","volume":"71","author":"Garbers","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9395","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)76554-5","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic peptide clearance receptor. Complete sequence and functional expression of cDNA clones","volume":"263","author":"Fuller","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F68","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00205.2015","article-title":"Role of FQQI motif in the internalization, trafficking, and signaling of guanylyl-cyclase\/natriuretic peptide receptor-A in cultured murine mesangial cells","volume":"310","author":"Mani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2019.03.022","article-title":"Emerging concepts of receptor endocytosis and concurrent intracellular signaling: Mechanisms of guanylyl cyclase\/natriuretic peptide receptor-A activation and trafficking","volume":"60","author":"Mani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Signal."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4382","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)53621-8","article-title":"Stoichiometric analysis of internalization, recycling, and redistribution of photoaffinity-labeled guanylate cyclase\/atrial natriuretic factor receptors in cultured murine Leydig tumor cells","volume":"268","author":"Pandey","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2495","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.02376","article-title":"Neuronal Ca2+ sensor protein VILIP-1 affects cGMP signalling of guanylyl cyclase B by regulating clathrin-dependent receptor recycling in hippocampal neurons","volume":"118","author":"Brackmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11987","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)49795-0","article-title":"Dynamics of atrial natriuretic factor-guanylate cyclase receptors and receptor-ligand complexes in cultured glomerular mesangial and renomedullary interstitial cells","volume":"267","author":"Koh","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2004.08.031","article-title":"Cardiac and intestinal natriuretic peptides: Insights from genetically modified mice","volume":"26","author":"Kuhn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2011.08116.x","article-title":"Natriuretic peptide system: An overview of studies using genetically engineered animal models","volume":"278","author":"Kishimoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2011.08083.x","article-title":"Structure, signaling mechanism and regulation of the natriuretic peptide receptor guanylate cyclase","volume":"278","author":"Misono","year":"2011","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2011.08082.x","article-title":"Natriuretic peptide metabolism, clearance and degradation","volume":"278","author":"Potter","year":"2011","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.15.1.9","article-title":"Evidence that atriopeptin is not a physiological regulator of sodium excretion","volume":"15","author":"Goetz","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"F921","article-title":"Renal natriuretic peptide (urodilatin?) and atriopeptin: Evolving concepts","volume":"261","author":"Goetz","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1994.tb01261.x","article-title":"Physiology of natriuretic peptides","volume":"235","author":"Espiner","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0950519","article-title":"Measurement and significance of circulating natriuretic peptides in cardiovascular disease","volume":"95","author":"Sagnella","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin. Sci. (Lond.)"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.15.1.2","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic factor plays a significant role in blody fluid hemostasis","volume":"15","author":"Blaine","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2004.12.022","article-title":"Determinants of natriuretic peptide gene expression","volume":"26","author":"McGrath","year":"2005","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"91","article-title":"Renal, endocrine, and hemodynamic effects of human brain natriuretic peptide in normal man","volume":"76","author":"Holmes","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(92)90475-E","article-title":"Effect of pericardiocentesis on plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide in cardiac tamponade","volume":"70","author":"Lang","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0830519","article-title":"Atrial and brain natriuretic peptides: A dual natriuretic peptide system potentially involved in circulatory homeostasis","volume":"83","author":"Lang","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin. Sci. (Lond.)"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.84.4.1581","article-title":"Hemodynamic, renal, and hormonal responses to brain natriuretic peptide infusion in patients with congestive heart failure","volume":"84","author":"Yoshimura","year":"1991","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(96)00278-0","article-title":"Diagnostic value of B-type natriuretic peptide concentrations in patients with acute myocardial infarction","volume":"78","author":"Darbar","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"455","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic factor receptors and signal transduction mechanisms","volume":"45","author":"Trachte","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.02.077","article-title":"Design synthesis, and actions of a novel chimeric natriuretic peptide: CD-NP","volume":"52","author":"Lisy","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.2310\/JIM.0b013e3181946fb2","article-title":"Designer natriuretic peptides","volume":"57","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Investig. Med."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00022.2015","article-title":"Molecular Physiology of Membrane Guanylyl Cyclase Receptors","volume":"96","author":"Kuhn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"R310","article-title":"Role of atrial natriuretic peptide in volume-expansion natriuresis","volume":"251","author":"Schwab","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/0922-4106(92)90002-D","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic peptide binds to ANP-R1 receptors in neuroblastoma cells or is degraded extracellularly at the Ser-Phe bond","volume":"227","author":"Delporte","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(92)90803-C","article-title":"Discovery of a potent atrial natriuretic peptide antagonist for ANPA receptors in the human neuroblastoma NB-OK-1 cell line","volume":"224","author":"Delporte","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(92)91563-6","article-title":"Stable expression of natriuretic peptide receptors: Effects of HS-142\u20131, a non-peptide ANP antagonist","volume":"189","author":"Ohyama","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.133.5.8404664","article-title":"Receptor-mediated stimulatory effect of atrial natriuretic factor, brain natriuretic peptide, and C-type natriuretic peptide on testosterone production in purified mouse Leydig cells: Activation of cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme","volume":"133","author":"Khurana","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5266","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.12.5266","article-title":"Gene targeting approaches to complex genetic diseases: Atherosclerosis and essential hypertension","volume":"92","author":"Smithies","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7403","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.13.7403","article-title":"The natriuretic peptide clearance receptor locally modulates the physiological effects of the natriuretic peptide system","volume":"96","author":"Matsukawa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pro. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.7.2735","article-title":"Genetic control of blood pressure and the angiotensinogen locus","volume":"92","author":"Kim","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14730","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.26.14730","article-title":"Hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, and sudden death in mice lacking natriuretic peptide receptor A","volume":"94","author":"Oliver","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F694","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00097.2003","article-title":"Natriuretic peptide receptor A mediates renal sodium excretory responses to blood volume expansion","volume":"285","author":"Shi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19230","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M411373200","article-title":"Involvement of the NF-kappa B\/matrix metalloproteinase pathway in cardiac fibrosis of mice lacking guanylyl cyclase\/natriuretic peptide receptor A","volume":"280","author":"Vellaichamy","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00079.2007","article-title":"Genetic disruption of guanylyl cyclase\/natriuretic peptide receptor-A upregulates ACE and AT1 receptor gene expression and signaling: Role in cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"31","author":"Vellaichamy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Physiol. Genom."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5841","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-0655","article-title":"Targeted disruption of guanylyl cyclase-A\/natriuretic peptide receptor-A gene provokes renal fibrosis and remodeling in null mutant mice: Role of proinflammatory cytokines","volume":"151","author":"Das","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00147.2011","article-title":"Activation of IKK\/NF-kappaB provokes renal inflammatory responses in guanylyl cyclase\/natriuretic peptide receptor-A gene-knockout mice","volume":"44","author":"Das","year":"2012","journal-title":"Physiol. Genom."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.114.092221","article-title":"All-trans retinoic acid and sodium butyrate enhance natriuretic peptide receptor a gene transcription: Role of histone modification","volume":"85","author":"Kumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2547","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.5.2547","article-title":"Natriuretic peptide receptor 1 expression influences blood pressures of mice in a dose-dependent manner","volume":"95","author":"Oliver","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5112","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.140.11.7121","article-title":"Hypertension associated with decreased testosterone levels in natriuretic peptide receptor-A gene-knockout and gene-duplicated mutant mouse models","volume":"140","author":"Pandey","year":"1999","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2013-1416","article-title":"Genetically altered mutant mouse models of guanylyl cyclase\/natriuretic peptide receptor-A exhibit the cardiac expression of proinflammatory mediators in a gene-dose-dependent manner","volume":"155","author":"Vellaichamy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F781","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00166.2017","article-title":"Inhibition of HDAC enhances STAT acetylation, blocks NF-kappaB, and suppresses the renal inflammation and fibrosis in Npr1 haplotype male mice","volume":"313","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1254","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00621.2018","article-title":"Genetic disruption of Npr1 depletes regulatory T cells and provokes high levels of proinflammatory cytokines and fibrosis in the kidneys of female mutant mice","volume":"316","author":"Gogulamudi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2019.03.001","article-title":"Genetic disruption of guanylyl cyclase\/natriuretic peptide receptor-A upregulates renal (pro) renin receptor expression in Npr1 null mutant mice","volume":"114","author":"Periyasamy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00073.2015","article-title":"Retinoic acid and sodium butyrate suppress the cardiac expression of hypertrophic markers and proinflammatory mediators in Npr1 gene-disrupted haplotype mice","volume":"48","author":"Subramanian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Physiol. Genom."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4602","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.072083799","article-title":"Molecular phenotyping for analyzing subtle genetic effects in mice application to an angiotensinogen gene titration","volume":"99","author":"Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V1071598","article-title":"Gene targeting approaches to analyzing hypertension","volume":"10","author":"Takahashi","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7839143","article-title":"Genetic decreases in atrial natriuretic peptide and salt-sensitive hypertension","volume":"267","author":"John","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4239","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.070371497","article-title":"Cardiac fibrosis in mice lacking brain natriuretic peptide","volume":"97","author":"Tamura","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(99)00104-2","article-title":"Chronic regulation of arterial blood pressure in ANP transgenic and knockout mice: Role of cardiovascular sympathetic tone","volume":"43","author":"Melo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.16.3.301","article-title":"Hypotension in transgenic mice expressing atrial natriuretic factor fusion genes","volume":"16","author":"Steinhelper","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.26.6.847","article-title":"Human atrial natriuretic peptide gene delivery reduces blood pressure in hypertensive rats","volume":"26","author":"Lin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13789","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506807102","article-title":"Regulatable atrial natriuretic peptide gene therapy for hypertension","volume":"102","author":"Schillinger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.110.5.1136","article-title":"The natriuretic peptides. Clinical applications in patients with COPD","volume":"110","author":"Klinger","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"I231","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.23.1_Suppl.I231","article-title":"Atrial and brain natriuretic peptides in cardiovascular diseases","volume":"23","author":"Naruse","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1993.75.1.198","article-title":"Cardiopulmonary responses to chronic hypoxia in transgenic mice that overexpress ANP","volume":"75","author":"Klinger","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_89","first-page":"497","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic peptide ameliorates hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction without influencing systemic circulation","volume":"54","author":"Hohne","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_90","first-page":"H58","article-title":"Targeted disruption of the gene for natriuretic peptide receptor-A worsens hypoxia-induced cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"282","author":"Klinger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_91","first-page":"L868","article-title":"Genetic disruption of atrial natriuretic peptide causes pulmonary hypertension in normoxic and hypoxic mice","volume":"276","author":"Klinger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L511","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.2000.279.3.L511","article-title":"Hypoxia reduces atrial natriuretic peptide clearance receptor gene expression in ANP knockout mice","volume":"279","author":"Sun","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-0115(95)00127-3","article-title":"Requirement for prostaglandin synthesis in secretion of atrial natriuretic factor from isolated rat heart","volume":"60","author":"Melo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Regul. Pept."},{"key":"ref_94","first-page":"R255","article-title":"Salt-sensitive hypertension in ANP knockout mice: Potential role of abnormal plasma renin activity","volume":"274","author":"Melo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114134","article-title":"Chronic blockade of endogenous atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) by monoclonal antibody against ANP accelerates the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive and deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt-hypertensive rats","volume":"84","author":"Itoh","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.060236","article-title":"Natriuretic peptides in the diagnosis and management of heart failure","volume":"175","author":"Felker","year":"2006","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2006.03.003","article-title":"Markers for sepsis diagnosis: What is useful?","volume":"22","author":"Reinhart","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit. Care Clin."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-006-0060-8","article-title":"Current status of risk stratification methods in acute coronary syndromes","volume":"8","author":"See","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Cardiol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.02.056","article-title":"Biomarkers in acute cardiac disease: The present and the future","volume":"48","author":"Jaffe","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.1.02138","article-title":"Npr1-regulated gene pathways contributing to cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis","volume":"38","author":"Ellmers","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e32835ac15f","article-title":"Interactive roles of Npr1 gene-dosage and salt diets on cardiac angiotensin II, aldosterone and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in mutant mice","volume":"31","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1111\/paa.1999.111.5.406","article-title":"The natriuretic peptides in heart failure: Diagnostic and therapeutic potentials","volume":"111","author":"Chen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Assoc. Am. Physicians"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1097\/00041552-199601000-00003","article-title":"The natriuretic peptide family","volume":"5","author":"Nakao","year":"1996","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.87.1.70","article-title":"Possibility of downregulation of atrial natriuretic peptide receptor coupled to guanylate cyclase in peripheral vascular beds of patients with chronic severe heart failure","volume":"87","author":"Tsutamoto","year":"1993","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115146","article-title":"Brain natriuretic peptide as a novel cardiac hormone in humans. Evidence for an exquisite dual natriuretic peptide system, atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide","volume":"87","author":"Mukoyama","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI11273","article-title":"Pressure-independent enhancement of cardiac hypertrophy in natriuretic peptide receptor A-deficient mice","volume":"107","author":"Knowles","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20070109","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic peptide gene promoter polymorphism is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension","volume":"114","author":"Xue","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Sci. (Lond.)"},{"key":"ref_108","first-page":"625","article-title":"How well does B-type natriuretic peptide predict death and cardiac events in patients with heart failure: Systematic review","volume":"330","author":"Doust","year":"2005","journal-title":"BWJ"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.11.090","article-title":"N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and B-type natriuretic peptide for identifying coronary artery disease and left ventricular hypertrophy in ambulatory chronic kidney disease patients","volume":"97","author":"Khan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_110","first-page":"296","article-title":"Cardiovascular hemodynamics and umbilical artery N-terminal peptide of proB-type natriuretic peptide in human fetuses with growth restriction","volume":"29","author":"Girsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"UOG: ISUOG"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273 e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.10.009","article-title":"Biochemical tissue-specific injury markers of the heart and brain in postpartum cord blood","volume":"200","author":"Kocylowski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47694","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M309661200","article-title":"Expression of constitutively active guanylate cyclase in cardiomyocytes inhibits the hypertrophic effects of isoproterenol and aortic constriction on mouse hearts","volume":"278","author":"Zahabi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.88.2.223","article-title":"Function alterations of the Nppa promoter are linked to cardiac ventricular hypertrophy in WKY\/WKHA rat crosses","volume":"88","author":"Deschepper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_114","first-page":"H890","article-title":"Myocardial recruitment during ANF mRNA increase with volume overload in the rat","volume":"251","author":"Lattion","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199910213411706","article-title":"Signaling pathways for cardiac hypertrophy and failure","volume":"341","author":"Hunter","year":"1999","journal-title":"NEJM"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.2.372","article-title":"Ventricular expression of brain natriuretic peptide in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"88","author":"Hasegawa","year":"1993","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_117","first-page":"107","article-title":"Ventricular expression of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides in dilated cardiomyopathy. An immunohistocytochemical study of the endomyocardial biopsy specimens using specific monoclonal antibodies","volume":"142","author":"Hasegawa","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118166","article-title":"Divergent pathways mediate the induction of ANF transgenes in neonatal and hypertrophic ventricular myocardium","volume":"96","author":"Knowlton","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119883","article-title":"Nitric oxide, atrial natriuretic peptide, and cyclic GMP inhibit the growth-promoting effects of norepinephrine in cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts","volume":"101","author":"Calderone","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.35.1.19","article-title":"Inhibitory regulation of hypertrophy by endogenous atrial natriuretic peptide in cultured cardiac myocytes","volume":"35","author":"Horio","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14860","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.23.14860","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic peptide induces apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes","volume":"272","author":"Wu","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24858","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.35.24858","article-title":"Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase activation is required for the anti-hypertrophic effect of atrial natriuretic factor in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes","volume":"274","author":"Silberbach","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.2174\/157340309787048068","article-title":"Natriuretic Peptide Signaling via Guanylyl Cyclase (GC)-A: An Endogenous Protective Mechanism of the Heart","volume":"5","author":"Kishimoto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Cardiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117182","article-title":"Molecular cloning of the complementary DNA and gene that encode mouse brain natriuretic peptide and generation of transgenic mice that overexpress the brain natriuretic peptide gene","volume":"93","author":"Ogawa","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4016","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.071389098","article-title":"Dwarfism and early death in mice lacking C-type natriuretic peptide","volume":"98","author":"Chusho","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/nm971","article-title":"Overexpression of CNP in chondrocytes rescues achondroplasia through a MAPK-dependent pathway","volume":"10","author":"Yasoda","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejheart.2007.02.006","article-title":"Cardiomyocyte-restricted over-expression of C-type natriuretic peptide prevents cardiac hypertrophy induced by myocardial infarction in mice","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1038\/378065a0","article-title":"Salt-resistant hypertension in mice lacking the guanylyl cyclase-A receptor for atrial natriuretic peptide","volume":"378","author":"Lopez","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17300","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0407894101","article-title":"Critical roles of the guanylyl cyclase B receptor in endochondral ossification and development of female reproductive organs","volume":"101","author":"Tamura","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4735","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0510019103","article-title":"Cardiac hypertrophy in transgenic rats expressing a dominant-negative mutant of the natriuretic peptide receptor B","volume":"103","author":"Langenickel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6215","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.12.6215","article-title":"The heart communicates with the kidney exclusively through the guanylyl cyclase-A receptor: Acute handling of sodium and water in response to volume expansion","volume":"93","author":"Kishimoto","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1097\/00041552-199701000-00011","article-title":"Physiological regulation of blood pressure and kidney function by guanylyl cyclase isoforms","volume":"6","author":"Kishimoto","year":"1997","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.86.8.841","article-title":"Functional deletion mutation of the 5\u2019-flanking region of type A human natriuretic peptide receptor gene and its association with essential hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy in the Japanese","volume":"86","author":"Nakayama","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-009-0332-x","article-title":"Ligand-mediated endocytosis and intracellular sequestration of guanylyl cyclase\/natriuretic peptide receptors: Role of GDAY motif","volume":"334","author":"Pandey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000173420.31354.ef","article-title":"Role of natriuretic peptide receptor guanylyl cyclase-A in myocardial infarction evaluated using genetically engineered mice","volume":"46","author":"Nakanishi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_136","first-page":"H707","article-title":"Ventricular expression of natriuretic peptides in Npr1(-\/-) mice with cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis","volume":"283","author":"Ellmers","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2009.09.009","article-title":"Influence of natriuretic peptide receptor-1 on survival and cardiac hypertrophy during development","volume":"1792","author":"Scott","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2009.05315.x","article-title":"Regulation of cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin AT1 receptor gene expression in Npr1 gene-disrupted mice","volume":"37","author":"Pandey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-013-1612-z","article-title":"Suppression of atrial natriuretic peptide\/natriuretic peptide receptor-A-mediated signaling upregulates angiotensin-II-induced collagen synthesis in adult cardiac fibroblasts","volume":"378","author":"Parthasarathy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000029923.57048.61","article-title":"Guanylyl cyclase-A inhibits angiotensin II type 1A receptor-mediated cardiac remodeling, an endogenous protective mechanism in the heart","volume":"106","author":"Li","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4162","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-0182","article-title":"Local actions of atrial natriuretic peptide counteract angiotensin II stimulated cardiac remodeling","volume":"148","author":"Kilic","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI17061","article-title":"Pressure-independent cardiac hypertrophy in mice with cardiomyocyte-restricted inactivation of the atrial natriuretic peptide receptor guanylyl cyclase-A","volume":"111","author":"Holtwick","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.1.82","article-title":"Increased plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide in patients with acute myocardial infarction","volume":"88","author":"Morita","year":"1993","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.61.2.139","article-title":"Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide in patients with acute myocardial infarction: Effects of streptokinase","volume":"61","author":"Phillips","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(88)90561-9","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic peptide in acute myocardial infarction","volume":"62","author":"Tomoda","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.328","article-title":"Association of common variants in NPPA and NPPB with circulating natriuretic peptides and blood pressure","volume":"41","author":"Larson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.12.081","article-title":"Association of atrial natriuretic peptide and type a natriuretic peptide receptor gene polymorphisms with left ventricular mass in human essential hypertension","volume":"48","author":"Rubattu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-008-0056-8","article-title":"Better pharmacotherapy for schizophrenia: What does the future hold?","volume":"10","author":"Webber","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200308000-00012","article-title":"Allelic variants of natriuretic peptide receptor genes are associated with family history of hypertension and cardiovascular phenotype","volume":"21","author":"Pitzalis","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1291\/hypres.31.89","article-title":"Association of CT dinucleotide repeat polymorphism in the 5\u2019-flanking region of the guanylyl cyclase (GC)-A gene with essential hypertension in the Japanese","volume":"31","author":"Usami","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hypertens. Res."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, J., Wang, Z., and Yu, C. (2016). Association of Polymorphisms in the Atrial Natriuretic Factor Gene with the Risk of Essential Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13050458"},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.118","article-title":"Rare independent mutations in renal salt handling genes contribute to blood pressure variation","volume":"40","author":"Ji","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00241-0","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of human hypertension","volume":"104","author":"Lifton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2850","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-2337","article-title":"The atrial natriuretic peptide genetic variant rs5068 is associated with a favorable cardiometabolic phenotype in a Mediterranean population","volume":"36","author":"Cannone","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cannone, V., Scott, C.G., Decker, P.A., Larson, N.B., Palmas, W., Taylor, K.D., Wang, T.J., Gupta, D.K., Bielinski, S.J., and Burnett, J.C. (2017). A favorable cardiometabolic profile is associated with the G allele of the genetic variant rs5068 in African Americans: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). PLoS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189858"},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-002-0834-z","article-title":"Common variations in noncoding regions of the human natriuretic peptide receptor A gene have quantitative effects","volume":"112","author":"Knowles","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.36.4.477","article-title":"Evidence for a gene influencing blood pressure on chromosome 17. Genome scan linkage results for longitudinal blood pressure phenotypes in subjects from the framingham heart study","volume":"36","author":"Levy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.69.283","article-title":"Multicenter prospective investigation on efficacy and safety of carperitide for acute heart failure in the \u2018real world\u2019 of therapy","volume":"69","author":"Suwa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circ. J."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-1094","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of atrial natriuretic peptide administration on peripheral arterial diseases","volume":"149","author":"Park","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200007273430403","article-title":"Intravenous nesiritide, a natriuretic peptide, in the treatment of decompensated congestive heart failure. Nesiritide Study Group","volume":"343","author":"Colucci","year":"2000","journal-title":"NEJM"},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-302929","article-title":"Complexity of molecular forms of B-type natriuretic peptide in heart failure","volume":"99","author":"Nishikimi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.109.187526","article-title":"Impaired recovery of blood flow after hind-limb ischemia in mice lacking guanylyl cyclase-A, a receptor for atrial and brain natriuretic peptides","volume":"29","author":"Tokudome","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI37430","article-title":"The natriuretic peptide\/guanylyl cyclase\u2014A system functions as a stress-responsive regulator of angiogenesis in mice","volume":"119","author":"Kuhn","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-14-0592","article-title":"Novel diuretic strategies for the treatment of heart failure in Japan","volume":"78","author":"Dohi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ. J."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-5922.2010.00152.x","article-title":"Cardiac natriuretic peptides: From basic discovery to clinical practice","volume":"29","author":"Hayek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Ther."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2010.08.001","article-title":"Roles of atrial natriuretic peptide and its therapeutic use","volume":"56","author":"Saito","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1409077","article-title":"Investigators, Committees, Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure","volume":"371","author":"McMurray","year":"2014","journal-title":"NEJM"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/20\/16\/3946\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:10:54Z","timestamp":1760188254000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/20\/16\/3946"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,14]]},"references-count":167,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms20163946"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms20163946","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,14]]}}}