{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:46:59Z","timestamp":1787028419649,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,17]],"date-time":"2019-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Turmeric, a popular ingredient in the cuisine of many Asian countries, comes from the roots of the Curcuma longa and is known for its use in Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine. Turmeric is rich in curcuminoids, including curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Curcuminoids have potent wound healing, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic activities. While curcuminoids have been studied for many years, not much is known about their effects on steroid metabolism. Since many anti-cancer drugs target enzymes from the steroidogenic pathway, we tested the effect of curcuminoids on cytochrome P450 CYP17A1, CYP21A2, and CYP19A1 enzyme activities. When using 10 \u00b5g\/mL of curcuminoids, both the 17\u03b1-hydroxylase as well as 17,20 lyase activities of CYP17A1 were reduced significantly. On the other hand, only a mild reduction in CYP21A2 activity was observed. Furthermore, CYP19A1 activity was also reduced up to ~20% of control when using 1\u2013100 \u00b5g\/mL of curcuminoids in a dose-dependent manner. Molecular docking studies confirmed that curcumin could dock onto the active sites of CYP17A1, CYP19A1, as well as CYP21A2. In CYP17A1 and CYP19A1, curcumin docked within 2.5 \u00c5 of central heme while in CYP21A2 the distance from heme was 3.4 \u00c5, which is still in the same range or lower than distances of bound steroid substrates. These studies suggest that curcuminoids may cause inhibition of steroid metabolism, especially at higher dosages. Also, the recent popularity of turmeric powder as a dilatory supplement needs further evaluation for the effect of curcuminoids on steroid metabolism. The molecular structure of curcuminoids could be modified to generate better lead compounds with inhibitory effects on CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 for potential drugs against prostate cancer and breast cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20184606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]],"date-time":"2019-09-18T04:26:46Z","timestamp":1568780806000},"page":"4606","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Bioactivity of Curcumin on the Cytochrome P450 Enzymes of the Steroidogenic Pathway"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Patricia Rodr\u00edguez","family":"Casta\u00f1o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, University Children\u2019s Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaheena","family":"Parween","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, University Children\u2019s Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8331-5902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amit V","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, University Children\u2019s Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1038\/164456a0","article-title":"Antibacterial action of curcumin and related compounds","volume":"164","author":"Schraufstatter","year":"1949","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-960004","article-title":"Pharmacology of Curcuma longa","volume":"57","author":"Ammon","year":"1991","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2013.1679","article-title":"Analysis of the anticancer activity of curcuminoids, thiotryptophan and 4-phenoxyphenol derivatives","volume":"7","author":"Parsai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncol. 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