{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:08:45Z","timestamp":1790816925562,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]],"date-time":"2019-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017YFD0200807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFD0200807"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"China Natural National Science Foundation","award":["31770083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31770083"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cucumber is an important vegetable crop in China. Fusarium wilt is a soil-borne disease that can significantly reduce cucumber yields. Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78 can strongly inhibit Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cucumerium, which causes Fusarium wilt disease. In this study, we screened the genome of WLY78 and found eight potential antibiotic biosynthesis gene clusters. Mutation analysis showed that among the eight clusters, the fusaricidin synthesis (fus) gene cluster is involved in inhibiting the Fusarium genus, Verticillium albo-atrum, Monilia persoon, Alternaria mali, Botrytis cinereal, and Aspergillus niger. Further mutation analysis revealed that with the exception of fusTE, the seven genes fusG, fusF, fusE, fusD, fusC, fusB, and fusA within the fus cluster were all involved in inhibiting fungi. This is the first time that demonstrated that fusTE was not essential. We first report the inhibitory mode of fusaricidin to inhibit spore germination and disrupt hyphal membranes. A biocontrol assay demonstrated that fusaricidin played a major role in controlling Fusarium wilt disease. Additionally, qRT-PCR demonstrated that fusaricidin could induce systemic resistance via salicylic acid (SA) signal against Fusarium wilt of cucumber. WLY78 is the first reported strain to both produce fusaricidin and fix nitrogen. Therefore, our results demonstrate that WLY78 will have great potential as a biocontrol agent in agriculture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20205240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,23]],"date-time":"2019-10-23T11:46:59Z","timestamp":1571831219000},"page":"5240","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Fusaricidin Produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78 Induces Systemic Resistance against Fusarium Wilt of Cucumber"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yunlong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanfeng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"435","article-title":"Fusarium wilt of cucumber","volume":"45","author":"Owen","year":"1955","journal-title":"Phytopathology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.07.087","article-title":"Residues and dissipation kinetics of triazole fungicides difenoconazole and propiconazole in wheat and soil in Chinese fields","volume":"168","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2011.12.137","article-title":"Optimization of survival and spore formation of Paenibacillus polymyxa SQR-21 during bioorganic fertilizer storage","volume":"108","author":"Huo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016147706578","article-title":"Surface colonization of lodgepole pine (Pinus contora var latifolia) roots by Pseudomonas and Paenibacillus polymyxa under antibiotic conditions","volume":"241","author":"Bent","year":"2002","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1007\/s10658-009-9496-1","article-title":"Isolation and characterisation of fusaricidin-type compound-producing strain of Paenibacillus polymyxa SQR-21 active against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. nevium","volume":"125","author":"Raza","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Plant Pathol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2007.03611.x","article-title":"Colonization of peanut roots by biofilm-forming Paenibacillus polymyxa initiates biocontrol against crown rot disease","volume":"104","author":"Haggag","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1139\/w02-002","article-title":"Paenibacillus polymyxa produces fusaricidin-type antifungal antibiotics active against Leptosphaeria maculans, the causative agent of blackleg disease of canola","volume":"48","author":"Beatty","year":"2002","journal-title":"Can. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.1209.09069","article-title":"Biocontrol of late blight and plant growth promotion in tomato using rhizobacterial isolates","volume":"23","author":"Lamsal","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00447","article-title":"Potential for biocontrol of hairy root disease by a Paenibacillus clade","volume":"8","author":"Bosmans","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocontrol.2017.03.004","article-title":"Biocontrol of grapevine aerial and root pathogens by Paenibacillus sp. strain B2 and paenimyxin in vitro and in planta","volume":"109","author":"Hao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol. Control"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, B., Farag, A.M., Park, B.H., Kloepper, W.J., Lee, H.S., and Ryu, C.-M. (2012). Induced resistance by a long-chain bacterial volatile: Elicitation of plant systemic defense by a C13 volatile produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048744"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.7164\/antibiotics.49.129","article-title":"Fusaricidin A, a new depsipeptide antibiotic produced by Bacillus polymyxa KT-8 taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, structure elucidation and biological activity","volume":"49","author":"Kajimura","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Antibiot."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2005.03.060","article-title":"Isolation and partial characterization of antifungal protein from Bacillus polymyxa strain VLB16","volume":"40","author":"Kavitha","year":"2005","journal-title":"Process Biochem."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-006-0523-2","article-title":"A cel44C-man26A gene of endophytic Paenibacillus polymyxa GS01 has multi-glycosyl hydrolases in two catalytic domains","volume":"73","author":"Cho","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21321","article-title":"Lipopeptides from Bacillus and Paenibacillus spp.: A gold mine of antibiotic candidates","volume":"36","author":"Cochrane","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1021\/cr0301191","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms underlying nonribosomal peptide synthesis: Approaches to new antibiotics","volume":"105","author":"Sieber","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.101","article-title":"Collision-induced dissociation of ring-opened cyclic depsipeptides with a guanidino group by electrospray ionization\/ion trap mass spectrometry","volume":"36","author":"Kuroda","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.3987\/COM-00-8922","article-title":"LI-F antibiotics, a family of antifungal cyclic depsipeptides produced by Bacillus polymyxa L-1129","volume":"53","author":"Nomura","year":"2000","journal-title":"Heterocycles"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.7164\/antibiotics.50.220","article-title":"Fusaricidins B, C and D, new depsipeptide antibiotics produced by Bacillus polymyxa KT-8: Isolation, structure elucidation and biological activity","volume":"50","author":"Kajimura","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Antibiot."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, W., Yin, C., Zhou, C., and Ye, B. (2012). Prediction of the mechanism of action of fusaricidin on Bacillus subtilis. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050003"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-017-2187-z","article-title":"The cyclic lipopeptide orfamide induces systemic resistance in rice to Cochliobolus miyabeanus but not to Magnaporthe oryzae","volume":"36","author":"Ma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Plant Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81425-7","article-title":"Ethylene responses are negatively regulated by a receptor gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"94","author":"Hua","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI-06-11-0162","article-title":"The iturin-like lipopeptides are essential components in the biological control arsenal of Bacillus subtilis against bacterial diseases of cucurbits","volume":"24","author":"Zeriouh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.12170","article-title":"Cyclic lipopeptides from Bacillus subtilis activate distinct patterns of defence responses in grapevine","volume":"16","author":"Farace","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Plant Pathol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI-22-4-0456","article-title":"Insights into the defense-related events occurring in plant cells following perception of surfactin-type lipopeptide from Bacillus subtilis","volume":"22","author":"Jourdan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2013.04.004","article-title":"Tell me more: Roles of NPRs in plant immunity","volume":"18","author":"Emerine","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-phyto-082712-102340","article-title":"Induced systemic resistance by beneficial microbes","volume":"52","author":"Pieterse","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Phytopathol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-9525(00)02107-7","article-title":"Interplay of signaling pathways in plant disease resistance","volume":"16","author":"Feys","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trends Genet."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI.1997.10.5.624","article-title":"Two PR-1 genes from tomato are differentially regulated and reveal a novel mode of expression for a pathogenesis-related gene during the hypersensitive response and development","volume":"10","author":"Tornero","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hao, T., and Chen, S. (2017). Colonization of wheat, maize and cucumber by Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78. PLoS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169980"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, L., Zhang, L., Liu, Z., Liu, Z., Zhao, D., Liu, X., Zhang, B., Xie, J., Hong, Y., and Li, P. (2013). A minimal nitrogen fixation gene cluster from Paenibacillus sp. WLY78 enables expression of active nitrogenase in Escherichia coli. PLoS Genet., 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/annotation\/1e9bcb70-265a-4383-abf4-3466d144d56e"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21329","DOI":"10.1038\/srep21329","article-title":"Comparative genomic and functional analysis reveal conservation of plant growth promoting traits in Paenibacillus polymyxa and its closely related species","volume":"9","author":"Xie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"863","article-title":"Biocontrol of Pythium damping-off in cucumber by arbuscular mycorrhiza-associated bacteria from the genus Paenibacillus","volume":"52","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fungicides"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2015.05.005","article-title":"Conjunctively screening of biocontrol agents (BCAs) against Fusarium root rot and Fusarium head blight caused by Fusarium graminearum","volume":"177","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2011.08.004","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of peptide antibiotics LI-F04 and polymyxin B6 produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa strain JSa-9","volume":"32","author":"Deng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19540","DOI":"10.1021\/ja3089229","article-title":"Structural Characterization of the Highly Cyclized Lantibiotic Paenicidin A via a Partial Desulfurization\/Reduction Strategy","volume":"134","author":"Lohans","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1038\/ja.2013.111","article-title":"A secondary mode of action of polymyxins against gram-negative bacteria involves the inhibition of NADH-quinone oxidoreductase activity","volume":"67","author":"Deris","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Antibiot."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11561","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1608623113","article-title":"Antimicrobial lipopeptide tridecaptin A1 selectively binds to Gram-negative lipid II","volume":"113","author":"Cochranea","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2014.02.018","article-title":"Paenibacterin, a novel broad-spectrum lipopeptide antibiotic, neutralises endotoxins and promotes survival in a murine model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced sepsis","volume":"44","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.02171","article-title":"Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus weihenstephanensis inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic Verticillium species","volume":"7","author":"Hollensteiner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13662","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M116.722108","article-title":"Insights into the unique phosphorylation of the lasso peptide paeninodin","volume":"291","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1007\/s13361-013-0620-2","article-title":"MALDI-FTICR MS imaging as a powerful tool to identify Paenibacillus antibiotics involved in the inhibition of plant pathogens","volume":"24","author":"Debois","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.10.147","article-title":"Identification and functional analysis of the fusaricidin biosynthetic gene of Paenibacillus polymyxa E681","volume":"365","author":"Choi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3480","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02662-06","article-title":"Use of PCR-targeted mutagenesis to disrupt production of fusaricidin-type antifungal antibiotics in Paenibacillus polymyxa","volume":"73","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2007.12.014","article-title":"Nonribosomal biosynthesis of fusaricidins by Paenibacillus polymyxa PKB1 involves direct activation of a D-amino acid","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9479","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-013-5157-6","article-title":"Promoter analysis and transcription regulation of fus gene cluster responsible for fusaricidin synthesis of Paenibacillus polymyxa SQR-21","volume":"97","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1038\/415389a","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides of multicellular organisms","volume":"415","author":"Zasloff","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1098","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides: Pore formers or metabolic inhibitors in bacteria?","volume":"3","author":"Brogden","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1007\/s13361-015-1130-1","article-title":"Characterization of novel fusaricidins produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa-M1 using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry","volume":"26","author":"Vater","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.3762\/bjoc.13.140","article-title":"A new member of the fusaricidin family-structure elucidation and synthesis of fusaricidin E","volume":"13","author":"Reimann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Beilstein J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.112.207324","article-title":"Metabolic and Transcriptomic Changes Induced in Arabidopsis by the Rhizobacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens SS101","volume":"160","author":"Dekkers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI-18-0555","article-title":"Induction of resistance to Verticillium dahliae in Arabidopsis thaliana by the biocontrol agent K-165 and pathogenesis-related proteins gene expression","volume":"18","author":"Tjamos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-313X.1993.04040593.x","article-title":"Interconversion of the salicylic acid signal and its glucoside in tobacco","volume":"4","author":"Hennig","year":"2002","journal-title":"Plant J."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)51670-7","article-title":"The biosynthesis of polymyxin B by growing cultures of Bacillus polymyxa","volume":"239","author":"Paulus","year":"1964","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, T., Zhao, X., Shi, H., Sun, L., Li, Y., Li, Q., Zhang, H., Chen, S., and Li, J. (2018). Positive and negative regulation of transferred nif genes mediated by indigenous GlnR in Gram-positive Paenibacillus polymyxa. PLoS Genet., 14.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1007629"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.00883","article-title":"Biocontrol agent Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LJ02 induces systemic resistance against cucurbits powdery mildew","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.x","article-title":"A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures","volume":"15","author":"Murashige","year":"1962","journal-title":"Physiol. Plant."},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"110","article-title":"Studies on Fusarium wilt disease of cucumber","volume":"5","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Pham. Sci."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocontrol.2014.11.012","article-title":"Evaluation of the biocontrol potential of Streptomyces goshikiensis YCXU against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum","volume":"81","author":"Faheem","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Control"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2\u2212\u0394\u0394cT method","volume":"25","author":"Kenneth","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1006\/pmpp.1999.0214","article-title":"Accumulation of salicylic acid and PR-1 gene transcripts in relation to the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) response induced by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato in Arabidopsis","volume":"55","author":"Cameron","year":"1999","journal-title":"Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/20\/20\/5240\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:28:26Z","timestamp":1760189306000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/20\/20\/5240"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms20205240"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms20205240","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]]}}}