{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:42:04Z","timestamp":1790786524657,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":163,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,3]],"date-time":"2019-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005881","name":"Emberi Eroforr\u00e1sok Miniszt\u00e9riuma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UNKP-19-4-SZTE-43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UNKP-19-4-SZTE-43"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005881","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011019","name":"Nemzeti Kutat\u00e1si Fejleszt\u00e9si \u00e9s Innov\u00e1ci\u00f3s Hivatal","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K-116158"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K-116158"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011019","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011019","name":"Nemzeti Kutat\u00e1si Fejleszt\u00e9si \u00e9s Innov\u00e1ci\u00f3s Hivatal","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011019","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011019","name":"Nemzeti Kutat\u00e1si Fejleszt\u00e9si \u00e9s Innov\u00e1ci\u00f3s Hivatal","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-0034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-0034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011019","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011019","name":"Nemzeti Kutat\u00e1si Fejleszt\u00e9si \u00e9s Innov\u00e1ci\u00f3s Hivatal","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FK-124114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FK-124114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011019","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"UEFISCDI PNCDI III \u2013 PCE 2016 Program","award":["PN-III-P4-ID-PCE-2016-0408, 188 \/ 2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PN-III-P4-ID-PCE-2016-0408, 188 \/ 2017"]}]},{"name":"UEFISCDI PNCDI III \u2013 PCE 2016","award":["UEFISCDI PN-III-P1\u20131.1-TE-2016\u20131352"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UEFISCDI PN-III-P1\u20131.1-TE-2016\u20131352"]}]},{"name":"J\u00e1nos Bolyai Research Fellowship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences","award":["BO\/00023\/17\/8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BO\/00023\/17\/8"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With age, our cognitive skills and abilities decline. Maybe starting as an annoyance, this decline can become a major impediment to normal daily life. Recent research shows that the neurodegenerative disorders responsible for age associated cognitive dysfunction are mechanistically linked to the state of the microvasculature in the brain. When the microvasculature does not function properly, ischemia, hypoxia, oxidative stress and related pathologic processes ensue, further damaging vascular and neural function. One of the most important and specialized functions of the brain microvasculature is the blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB), which controls the movement of molecules between blood circulation and the brain parenchyma. In this review, we are focusing on tight junctions (TJs), the multiprotein complexes that play an important role in establishing and maintaining barrier function. After a short introduction of the cell types that modulate barrier function via intercellular communication, we examine how age, age related pathologies and the aging of the immune system affects TJs. Then, we review how the TJs are affected in age associated neurodegenerative disorders: Alzheimer\u2019s disease and Parkinson\u2019s disease. Lastly, we summarize the TJ aspects of Huntington\u2019s disease and schizophrenia. Barrier dysfunction appears to be a common denominator in neurological disorders, warranting detailed research into the molecular mechanisms behind it. Learning the commonalities and differences in the pathomechanism of the BBB injury in different neurological disorders will predictably lead to development of new therapeutics that improve our life as we age.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20215472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,4]],"date-time":"2019-11-04T04:13:08Z","timestamp":1572840788000},"page":"5472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["The Blood\u2013Brain Barrier and Its Intercellular Junctions in Age-Related Brain Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Costea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldi\u015f Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3220-1128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1d\u00e1m","family":"M\u00e9sz\u00e1ros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary"},{"name":"Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannelore","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Christian","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University\u2014Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0220-4766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Traweger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University\u2014Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imola","family":"Wilhelm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldi\u015f Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania"},{"name":"Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9519-5968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Attila E.","family":"Farkas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Istv\u00e1n A.","family":"Krizbai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldi\u015f Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania"},{"name":"Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1000","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00106.2017","article-title":"Role of pattern recognition receptors of the neurovascular unit in inflamm-aging","volume":"313","author":"Wilhelm","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. 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