{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:43:19Z","timestamp":1790394199929,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,4]],"date-time":"2019-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007128","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019JM-230"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019JM-230"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007128","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31570940 and 81700784"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31570940 and 81700784"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gene therapy is manipulation in\/of gene expression in specific cells\/tissue to treat diseases. This manipulation is carried out by introducing exogenous nucleic acids, such as DNA or RNA, into the cell. Because of their negative charge and considerable larger size, the delivery of these molecules, in general, should be mediated by gene vectors. Non-viral vectors, as promising delivery systems, have received considerable attention due to their low cytotoxicity and non-immunogenicity. As research continued, more and more functional non-viral vectors have emerged. They not only have the ability to deliver a gene into the cells but also have other functions, such as the performance of fluorescence imaging, which aids in monitoring their progress, targeted delivery, and biodegradation. Recently, many reviews related to non-viral vectors, such as polymers and cationic lipids, have been reported. However, there are few reviews regarding functional non-viral vectors. This review summarizes the common functional non-viral vectors developed in the last ten years and their potential applications in the future. The transfection efficiency and the transport mechanism of these materials were also discussed in detail. We hope that this review can help researchers design more new high-efficiency and low-toxicity multifunctional non-viral vectors, and further accelerate the progress of gene therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20215491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,4]],"date-time":"2019-11-04T10:49:07Z","timestamp":1572864547000},"page":"5491","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":255,"title":["The Development of Functional Non-Viral Vectors for Gene Delivery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5620-1077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suryaji","family":"Patil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong-Guang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of 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Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan-Feng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul","family":"Qadir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, 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710072, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5274","DOI":"10.1021\/cr500542t","article-title":"Surface-Engineered Dendrimers in Gene Delivery","volume":"115","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. 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